Accés Serveis de Salut Adults Afers Socials Alimentació Associacions Convencions Crisi Econòmica Desigualtats de Génere Desigualtats Socials Economia Educació Espanya Explotació Sexual Fundacions Génere Habitatge Immigrants Infants Informes Joventut Mundial Organismes Internacionals Organitzacions Pobresa Energètica Resolucions Salut Salut Mental Serveis Socials Treball Vivenda
2017 |
Gea-Sánchez, Montserrat ; Alconada-Romero, Álvaro ; Briones-Vozmediano, Erica ; Pastells, Roland ; Gastaldo, Denise ; Molina, Fidel Undocumented Immigrant Women in Spain: A Scoping Review on Access to and Utilization of Health and Social Services Artículo de revista Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health, 19 (1), pp. 194–204, 2017, ISSN: 1557-1912. Resumen | Enlaces | BibTeX | Etiquetas: Accés Serveis de Salut, Immigrants, Salut @article{gea-sanchez_undocumented_2017, title = {Undocumented Immigrant Women in Spain: A Scoping Review on Access to and Utilization of Health and Social Services}, author = {Gea-Sánchez, Montserrat and Alconada-Romero, Álvaro and Briones-Vozmediano, Erica and Pastells, Roland and Gastaldo, Denise and Molina, Fidel}, url = {https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10903-016-0356-8}, doi = {10.1007/s10903-016-0356-8}, issn = {1557-1912}, year = {2017}, date = {2017-01-01}, journal = {Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health}, volume = {19}, number = {1}, pages = {194--204}, abstract = {This scoping review summarizes and analyzes relevant studies related to the evidence published on undocumented immigrant women’s access to and utilization of health and social services in Spain. Scientific literature was identified by entering search terms in seven electronic databases which combined retrieved health sciences peer-reviewed articles (Pubmed, Embase, CINAHL Plus and Scopus) and grey literature databases (Europa OpenGrey, DART-Europe and Google Scholar) published between 2004 and 2014 and written in Spanish or in English presenting data about Spain. Those that fulfill the inclusion criteria were selected after a blind peer reviewed process when pertinence and quality was debated. A total of 16 publications were included, the main topics being socio-cultural differences in the access and utilization of social and health services and barriers faced by immigrant women. None of the studies focused exclusively on undocumented women, hence further research is needed in this area.}, keywords = {Accés Serveis de Salut, Immigrants, Salut}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } This scoping review summarizes and analyzes relevant studies related to the evidence published on undocumented immigrant women’s access to and utilization of health and social services in Spain. Scientific literature was identified by entering search terms in seven electronic databases which combined retrieved health sciences peer-reviewed articles (Pubmed, Embase, CINAHL Plus and Scopus) and grey literature databases (Europa OpenGrey, DART-Europe and Google Scholar) published between 2004 and 2014 and written in Spanish or in English presenting data about Spain. Those that fulfill the inclusion criteria were selected after a blind peer reviewed process when pertinence and quality was debated. A total of 16 publications were included, the main topics being socio-cultural differences in the access and utilization of social and health services and barriers faced by immigrant women. None of the studies focused exclusively on undocumented women, hence further research is needed in this area. |
2016 |
Kentikelenis, Alexander E; Shriwise, Amanda International organizations and migrant health in Europe Artículo de revista Public Health Reviews, 37 (1), pp. 19, 2016, ISSN: 2107-6952. Resumen | Enlaces | BibTeX | Etiquetas: Immigrants, Organitzacions, Salut @article{kentikelenis_international_2016, title = {International organizations and migrant health in Europe}, author = {Kentikelenis, Alexander E. and Shriwise, Amanda}, url = {http://publichealthreviews.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s40985-016-0033-4}, doi = {10.1186/s40985-016-0033-4}, issn = {2107-6952}, year = {2016}, date = {2016-01-01}, journal = {Public Health Reviews}, volume = {37}, number = {1}, pages = {19}, abstract = {International organizations have defined and managed different aspects of migrant health issues for decades, yet we lack a systematic understanding of how they reach decisions and what they do on the ground. The present article seeks to clarify the state of knowledge on the relationship between international organizations and migrant health in Europe. To do so, we review the operations of six organizations widely recognized as key actors in the field of migrant health: the European Commission, the Regional Office for Europe of the World Health Organization, the International Organization on Migration, Médecins du Monde, Médecins Sans Frontières, and the Open Society Foundation. We find that international organizations operate in a complementary fashion, with each taking on a unique role in migrant health provision. States often rely on international organizations as policy advisors or sub-contractors for interventions, especially in the case of emergencies. These linkages yield a complex web of relationships, which can vary depending on the country under consideration or the health policy issue in question.}, keywords = {Immigrants, Organitzacions, Salut}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } International organizations have defined and managed different aspects of migrant health issues for decades, yet we lack a systematic understanding of how they reach decisions and what they do on the ground. The present article seeks to clarify the state of knowledge on the relationship between international organizations and migrant health in Europe. To do so, we review the operations of six organizations widely recognized as key actors in the field of migrant health: the European Commission, the Regional Office for Europe of the World Health Organization, the International Organization on Migration, Médecins du Monde, Médecins Sans Frontières, and the Open Society Foundation. We find that international organizations operate in a complementary fashion, with each taking on a unique role in migrant health provision. States often rely on international organizations as policy advisors or sub-contractors for interventions, especially in the case of emergencies. These linkages yield a complex web of relationships, which can vary depending on the country under consideration or the health policy issue in question. |
Cimas, Marta ; Gullon, Pedro ; Aguilera, Eva ; Meyer, Stefan ; Freire, José Manuel ; Perez-Gomez, Beatriz Healthcare coverage for undocumented migrants in Spain: Regional differences after Royal Decree Law 16/2012 Artículo de revista Health Policy, 120 (4), pp. 384–395, 2016, ISSN: 01688510. Resumen | Enlaces | BibTeX | Etiquetas: Accés Serveis de Salut, Immigrants, Salut @article{cimas_healthcare_2016, title = {Healthcare coverage for undocumented migrants in Spain: Regional differences after Royal Decree Law 16/2012}, author = {Cimas, Marta and Gullon, Pedro and Aguilera, Eva and Meyer, Stefan and Freire, José Manuel and Perez-Gomez, Beatriz}, url = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0168851016300239}, doi = {10.1016/j.healthpol.2016.02.005}, issn = {01688510}, year = {2016}, date = {2016-01-01}, journal = {Health Policy}, volume = {120}, number = {4}, pages = {384--395}, abstract = {The economic crisis has prompted the debate on how to regulate health coverage of undocumented migrants in publicly funded healthcare systems. Spain, as one of the most heavily affected countries in Europe, can be considered a case of particular interest. In 2012 the Spanish Government issued a Royal Decree Law (RDL 16/2012) which revoked their previous full right to public healthcare coverage, now limited for some exceptions. However, the Spanish National Health System is highly decentralized, and this Central Government decree had to be implemented by the Regional Health Authorities. Our aim is to compare regional policies regarding entitlement to healthcare for undocumented migrants after RDL 16/2012 in the 17 Autonomous Regions by performing an exhaustive review of the regional health policy regulations published after the enactment of RDL 16/2012. Our analysis shows that many Regions adopted legal, legislative and administrative actions to void or limit its effects, while others applied it as intended, resulting in huge differences in healthcare coverage for irregular migrants among Spanish Regions. The unequal implementation of this Law constitutes a paradigmatic example of the complexity of nation-wide regulation of controversial key issues in decentralized health systems. In addition, our results highlight that within-country differences in access and/or entitlement can be as relevant as those reported among-country when there is healthcare decentralization.}, keywords = {Accés Serveis de Salut, Immigrants, Salut}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } The economic crisis has prompted the debate on how to regulate health coverage of undocumented migrants in publicly funded healthcare systems. Spain, as one of the most heavily affected countries in Europe, can be considered a case of particular interest. In 2012 the Spanish Government issued a Royal Decree Law (RDL 16/2012) which revoked their previous full right to public healthcare coverage, now limited for some exceptions. However, the Spanish National Health System is highly decentralized, and this Central Government decree had to be implemented by the Regional Health Authorities. Our aim is to compare regional policies regarding entitlement to healthcare for undocumented migrants after RDL 16/2012 in the 17 Autonomous Regions by performing an exhaustive review of the regional health policy regulations published after the enactment of RDL 16/2012. Our analysis shows that many Regions adopted legal, legislative and administrative actions to void or limit its effects, while others applied it as intended, resulting in huge differences in healthcare coverage for irregular migrants among Spanish Regions. The unequal implementation of this Law constitutes a paradigmatic example of the complexity of nation-wide regulation of controversial key issues in decentralized health systems. In addition, our results highlight that within-country differences in access and/or entitlement can be as relevant as those reported among-country when there is healthcare decentralization. |
2015 |
Briones-Vozmediano, Erica ; La Parra, Daniel ; Vives-Cases, Carmen Barriers and facilitators to effective coverage of Intimate Partner Violence services for immigrant women in Spain Artículo de revista Health Expectations, 18 (6), pp. 2994–3006, 2015. Resumen | Enlaces | BibTeX | Etiquetas: Immigrants, Violència de gènere @article{briones-vozmediano_barriers_2015, title = {Barriers and facilitators to effective coverage of Intimate Partner Violence services for immigrant women in Spain}, author = {Briones-Vozmediano, Erica and La Parra, Daniel and Vives-Cases, Carmen}, url = {http://doi.wiley.com/10.1111/hex.12283}, doi = {10.1111/hex.12283}, year = {2015}, date = {2015-12-01}, journal = {Health Expectations}, volume = {18}, number = {6}, pages = {2994--3006}, abstract = {Objective. To explore service providers’ perceptions in order to identify barriers and facilitators to effective coverage of Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) services for immigrant women in Spain, according to the different categories proposed in Tanahashi's model of effective coverage. Methods. A qualitative study based on 29 in-depth personal interviews and four group interviews with a total of 43 professionals working in public services (social and health-care services, women's refuges, the police force, the judiciary) and NGOs in Barcelona, Madrid, Valencia and Alicante (Spain) in 2011. Findings. Current IPV services in Spain partially fail in their coverage of abused immigrant women due to barriers of (i) availability, such as the inexistence of culturally appropriate services; (ii) accessibility, as having a residence permit is a prerequisite for women's access to different services and rights; (iii) acceptability, such as women's lack of confidence in the effectiveness of services; and (iv) effectiveness, for example, lack of specific training among professionals on the issues of IPV and immigration. However, interviewees also identified facilitators, such as the enabling environment promoted by the Spanish Law on Gender-Based Violence (1/2004), and the impetus it has provided for the development of other specific legislative tools to address IPV in immigrant populations in Spain (availability, accessibility and effectiveness). Conclusion. Whilst not dismissing cultural barriers, aspects related to service structure are identified by providers as the main barriers and facilitators to immigrant women use of IPV services. Despite noteworthy achievements, improvements are still required in terms of mainstreaming assistance tailored to immigrant women's needs in IPV policies and services.}, keywords = {Immigrants, Violència de gènere}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Objective. To explore service providers’ perceptions in order to identify barriers and facilitators to effective coverage of Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) services for immigrant women in Spain, according to the different categories proposed in Tanahashi's model of effective coverage. Methods. A qualitative study based on 29 in-depth personal interviews and four group interviews with a total of 43 professionals working in public services (social and health-care services, women's refuges, the police force, the judiciary) and NGOs in Barcelona, Madrid, Valencia and Alicante (Spain) in 2011. Findings. Current IPV services in Spain partially fail in their coverage of abused immigrant women due to barriers of (i) availability, such as the inexistence of culturally appropriate services; (ii) accessibility, as having a residence permit is a prerequisite for women's access to different services and rights; (iii) acceptability, such as women's lack of confidence in the effectiveness of services; and (iv) effectiveness, for example, lack of specific training among professionals on the issues of IPV and immigration. However, interviewees also identified facilitators, such as the enabling environment promoted by the Spanish Law on Gender-Based Violence (1/2004), and the impetus it has provided for the development of other specific legislative tools to address IPV in immigrant populations in Spain (availability, accessibility and effectiveness). Conclusion. Whilst not dismissing cultural barriers, aspects related to service structure are identified by providers as the main barriers and facilitators to immigrant women use of IPV services. Despite noteworthy achievements, improvements are still required in terms of mainstreaming assistance tailored to immigrant women's needs in IPV policies and services. |
Alonso Calderón, Xavier ; Pajares Alonso, Miguel ; Recolons Arquer, Lluís Inmigración y crisis en España Libro Fundació Migra Studium, Barcelona, 2015. Enlaces | BibTeX | Etiquetas: Crisi Econòmica, Immigrants @book{alonso_calderon_inmigracion_2015, title = {Inmigración y crisis en España}, author = {Alonso Calderón, Xavier and Pajares Alonso, Miguel and Recolons Arquer, Lluís}, url = {http://www.migrastudium.org/doc/LR_MP_XA_CAST 07042015-1429539344.pdf}, year = {2015}, date = {2015-01-01}, publisher = {Fundació Migra Studium}, address = {Barcelona}, keywords = {Crisi Econòmica, Immigrants}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {book} } |
Vázquez, María Luisa ; Vargas, Ingrid ; Jaramillo, Daniel López ; Porthé, Victoria ; López-Fernández, Luis Andrés ; Vargas, Hernán ; Bosch, Lola ; S-Hernández, Silvia ; Azarola, Ainhoa Ruiz Was access to health care easy for immigrants in Spain? The perspectives of health personnel in Catalonia and Andalusia Artículo de revista 2015, ISBN: 0168-8510. Resumen | Enlaces | BibTeX | Etiquetas: Accés Serveis de Salut, Immigrants, Salut @article{vazquez_was_2015, title = {Was access to health care easy for immigrants in Spain? The perspectives of health personnel in Catalonia and Andalusia}, author = {Vázquez, María Luisa and Vargas, Ingrid and Jaramillo, Daniel López and Porthé, Victoria and López-Fernández, Luis Andrés and Vargas, Hernán and Bosch, Lola and S-Hernández, Silvia and Azarola, Ainhoa Ruiz}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0168851016000257?via%3Dihub}, doi = {10.1016/j.healthpol.2016.01.011}, isbn = {0168-8510}, year = {2015}, date = {2015-01-01}, abstract = {Until April 2012, all Spanish citizens were entitled to health care and policies had been developed at national and regional level to remove potential barriers of access, however, evidence suggested problems of access for immigrants. In order to identify factors affecting immigrants' access to health care, we conducted a qualitative study based on individual interviews with healthcare managers (n = 27) and professionals (n = 65) in Catalonia and Andalusia, before the policy change that restricted access for some groups. A thematic analysis was carried out. Health professionals considered access to health care "easy" for immigrants and similar to access for autochthons in both regions. Clear barriers were identified to enter the health system (in obtaining the health card) and in using services, indicating a mismatch between the characteristics of services and those of immigrants. Results did not differ among regions, except for in Catalonia, where access to care was considered harder for users without a health card, due to the fees charged, and in general, because of the distance to primary health care in rural areas. In conclusion, despite the universal coverage granted by the Spanish healthcare system and developed health policies, a number of barriers in access emerged that would require implementing the existing policies. However, the measures taken in the context of the economic crisis are pointing in the opposite direction, towards maintaining or increasing barriers.}, keywords = {Accés Serveis de Salut, Immigrants, Salut}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Until April 2012, all Spanish citizens were entitled to health care and policies had been developed at national and regional level to remove potential barriers of access, however, evidence suggested problems of access for immigrants. In order to identify factors affecting immigrants' access to health care, we conducted a qualitative study based on individual interviews with healthcare managers (n = 27) and professionals (n = 65) in Catalonia and Andalusia, before the policy change that restricted access for some groups. A thematic analysis was carried out. Health professionals considered access to health care "easy" for immigrants and similar to access for autochthons in both regions. Clear barriers were identified to enter the health system (in obtaining the health card) and in using services, indicating a mismatch between the characteristics of services and those of immigrants. Results did not differ among regions, except for in Catalonia, where access to care was considered harder for users without a health card, due to the fees charged, and in general, because of the distance to primary health care in rural areas. In conclusion, despite the universal coverage granted by the Spanish healthcare system and developed health policies, a number of barriers in access emerged that would require implementing the existing policies. However, the measures taken in the context of the economic crisis are pointing in the opposite direction, towards maintaining or increasing barriers. |
Gea-Sánchez, Montserrat Universitat de Lleida, 2015. Resumen | Enlaces | BibTeX | Etiquetas: Desigualtats de Génere, Immigrants, Salut @phdthesis{gea_sanchez_law_2015, title = {The Law of the State against the Law of Nurses: a study on the access to and utilization of health and social services by undocumented immigrant women in Spain}, author = {Gea-Sánchez, Montserrat}, url = {http://www.tesisenred.net/handle/10803/382632}, year = {2015}, date = {2015-01-01}, school = {Universitat de Lleida}, abstract = {OBJECTIVE. To explore the access to and utilization of health and social services by immigrant undocumented women in Spain from the perspective of several actors. METHODOLOGY. A systematic review of scientific literature (Study I); qualitative inquiry involving personal interviews with 7 midwives of a rural area of Segovia (Study II) and 12 immigrant undocumented women working and living in Lleida (Study III); and Critical Discourse Analysis of the Health Law and Ethic Codes of Nurses (Study IV). RESULTS/CONCLUSIONS There is a knowledge gap in scientific literature in Spain regarding access and utilization of social and health services specifically oriented to undocumented immigrant women. Immigrant undocumented women underutilize social and health care services -including the service of midwifery- due to reasons linked to poor working conditions and specific barriers for being immigrant undocumented women. Nurses suffer a mismatch between their ethical and professional commitment and the application of the general law.}, keywords = {Desigualtats de Génere, Immigrants, Salut}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {phdthesis} } OBJECTIVE. To explore the access to and utilization of health and social services by immigrant undocumented women in Spain from the perspective of several actors. METHODOLOGY. A systematic review of scientific literature (Study I); qualitative inquiry involving personal interviews with 7 midwives of a rural area of Segovia (Study II) and 12 immigrant undocumented women working and living in Lleida (Study III); and Critical Discourse Analysis of the Health Law and Ethic Codes of Nurses (Study IV). RESULTS/CONCLUSIONS There is a knowledge gap in scientific literature in Spain regarding access and utilization of social and health services specifically oriented to undocumented immigrant women. Immigrant undocumented women underutilize social and health care services -including the service of midwifery- due to reasons linked to poor working conditions and specific barriers for being immigrant undocumented women. Nurses suffer a mismatch between their ethical and professional commitment and the application of the general law. |
Moncho, J; Pereyra-Zamora, P; Nolasco, A; Tamayo-Fonseca, N; Melchor, I; Macia, L Trends and Disparities in Mortality Among Spanish-Born and Foreign-Born Populations Residing in Spain, 1999–2008 Artículo de revista Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health, 17 (5), pp. 1374–1384, 2015, ISSN: 1557-1912. Resumen | Enlaces | BibTeX | Etiquetas: Espanya, Immigrants, Salut @article{moncho_trends_2015, title = {Trends and Disparities in Mortality Among Spanish-Born and Foreign-Born Populations Residing in Spain, 1999–2008}, author = {J Moncho and P Pereyra-Zamora and A Nolasco and N Tamayo-Fonseca and I Melchor and L Macia}, url = {http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10903-014-0081-0}, doi = {10.1007/s10903-014-0081-0}, issn = {1557-1912}, year = {2015}, date = {2015-01-01}, journal = {Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health}, volume = {17}, number = {5}, pages = {1374--1384}, abstract = {Spain's immigrant population has increased 380 % in the last decade, accounting for 13.1 % of the total population. This fact has led her to become during 2009 the eighth recipient country of international immigrants in the world. The aim of this article is to describe the evolution of mortality and the main causes of death among the Spanish-born and foreign-born populations residing in Spain between 1999 and 2008. Age-standardised mortality rates (ASRs), average age and comparative mortality ratios among foreign-born and Spanish-born populations residing in Spain were computed for every year and sub-period by sex, cause of death and place of birth as well as by the ASR percentage change. During 1999–2008 the ASR showed a progressive decrease in the risk of death in the Spanish-born population (−17.8 % for men and −16.6 % for women) as well as in the foreign-born one (−45.9 % for men and −35.7 % for women). ASR also showed a progressive decrease for practically all the causes of death, in both populations. It has been observed that the risk of death due to neoplasms and respiratory diseases among immigrants is lower than that of their Spanish-born counterparts, but risk due to external causes is higher. Places of birth with the greater decreases are Northern Europe, Eastern Europe, Western Europe, Southern Europe, and Latin America and the Caribbean. The research shows the differences in the reduction of death risk between Spanish-born and immigrant inhabitants between 1999 and 2008. These results could contribute to the ability of central and local governments to create effective health policy. Further research is necessary to examine changes in mortality trends among immigrant populations as a consequence of the economic crisis and the reforms in the Spanish health system. Spanish data sources should incorporate into their records information that enables them to find out the immigrant duration of permanence and the possible impact of this on mortality indicators.}, keywords = {Espanya, Immigrants, Salut}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Spain's immigrant population has increased 380 % in the last decade, accounting for 13.1 % of the total population. This fact has led her to become during 2009 the eighth recipient country of international immigrants in the world. The aim of this article is to describe the evolution of mortality and the main causes of death among the Spanish-born and foreign-born populations residing in Spain between 1999 and 2008. Age-standardised mortality rates (ASRs), average age and comparative mortality ratios among foreign-born and Spanish-born populations residing in Spain were computed for every year and sub-period by sex, cause of death and place of birth as well as by the ASR percentage change. During 1999–2008 the ASR showed a progressive decrease in the risk of death in the Spanish-born population (−17.8 % for men and −16.6 % for women) as well as in the foreign-born one (−45.9 % for men and −35.7 % for women). ASR also showed a progressive decrease for practically all the causes of death, in both populations. It has been observed that the risk of death due to neoplasms and respiratory diseases among immigrants is lower than that of their Spanish-born counterparts, but risk due to external causes is higher. Places of birth with the greater decreases are Northern Europe, Eastern Europe, Western Europe, Southern Europe, and Latin America and the Caribbean. The research shows the differences in the reduction of death risk between Spanish-born and immigrant inhabitants between 1999 and 2008. These results could contribute to the ability of central and local governments to create effective health policy. Further research is necessary to examine changes in mortality trends among immigrant populations as a consequence of the economic crisis and the reforms in the Spanish health system. Spanish data sources should incorporate into their records information that enables them to find out the immigrant duration of permanence and the possible impact of this on mortality indicators. |
Gotsens, Mercè; Malmusi, Davide; Villarroel, Nazmy; Vives-Cases, Carmen; Garcia-Subirats, Irene; Hernando, Cristina; Borrell, Carme Health inequality between immigrants and natives in Spain: The loss of the healthy immigrant effect in times of economic crisis Artículo de revista European Journal of Public Health, 25 (6), 2015, ISSN: 1464360X. Resumen | Enlaces | BibTeX | Etiquetas: Crisi Econòmica, Espanya, Immigrants, Salut @article{gotsens_health_2015, title = {Health inequality between immigrants and natives in Spain: The loss of the healthy immigrant effect in times of economic crisis}, author = {Mercè Gotsens and Davide Malmusi and Nazmy Villarroel and Carmen Vives-Cases and Irene Garcia-Subirats and Cristina Hernando and Carme Borrell}, doi = {10.1093/eurpub/ckv126}, issn = {1464360X}, year = {2015}, date = {2015-01-01}, journal = {European Journal of Public Health}, volume = {25}, number = {6}, abstract = {BACKGROUND: The immigrant population living in Spain grew exponentially in the early 2000s but has been particularly affected by the economic crisis. This study aims to analyse health inequalities between immigrants born in middle- or low-income countries and natives in Spain, in 2006 and 2012, taking into account gender, year of arrival and socioeconomic exposures.$textbackslashbackslash$n$textbackslashbackslash$nMETHODS: Study of trends using two cross-sections, the 2006 and 2012 editions of the Spanish National Health Survey, including residents in Spain aged 15-64 years (20 810 natives and 2950 immigrants in 2006, 14 291 natives and 2448 immigrants in 2012). Fair/poor self-rated health, poor mental health (GHQ-12 textbackslashtextgreater 2), chronic activity limitation and use of psychotropic drugs were compared between natives and immigrants who arrived in Spain before 2006, adjusting robust Poisson regression models for age and socioeconomic variables to obtain prevalence ratios (PR) and 95% confidence interval (CI).$textbackslashbackslash$n$textbackslashbackslash$nRESULTS: Inequalities in poor self-rated health between immigrants and natives tend to increase among women (age-adjusted PR2006 = 1.39; 95% CI: 1.24-1.56}, keywords = {Crisi Econòmica, Espanya, Immigrants, Salut}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } BACKGROUND: The immigrant population living in Spain grew exponentially in the early 2000s but has been particularly affected by the economic crisis. This study aims to analyse health inequalities between immigrants born in middle- or low-income countries and natives in Spain, in 2006 and 2012, taking into account gender, year of arrival and socioeconomic exposures.$textbackslashbackslash$n$textbackslashbackslash$nMETHODS: Study of trends using two cross-sections, the 2006 and 2012 editions of the Spanish National Health Survey, including residents in Spain aged 15-64 years (20 810 natives and 2950 immigrants in 2006, 14 291 natives and 2448 immigrants in 2012). Fair/poor self-rated health, poor mental health (GHQ-12 textbackslashtextgreater 2), chronic activity limitation and use of psychotropic drugs were compared between natives and immigrants who arrived in Spain before 2006, adjusting robust Poisson regression models for age and socioeconomic variables to obtain prevalence ratios (PR) and 95% confidence interval (CI).$textbackslashbackslash$n$textbackslashbackslash$nRESULTS: Inequalities in poor self-rated health between immigrants and natives tend to increase among women (age-adjusted PR2006 = 1.39; 95% CI: 1.24-1.56 |
2014 |
Robert, Gemma; Martinez, J M; Garcia, A M; Benavides, Fernando G; Ronda, Elena From the boom to the crisis: changes in employment conditions of immigrants in Spain and their effects on mental health Artículo de revista The European Journal of Public Health, 24 (3), pp. 404–409, 2014, ISSN: 1101-1262. Resumen | Enlaces | BibTeX | Etiquetas: Crisi Econòmica, Espanya, Immigrants, Treball @article{robert_boom_2014, title = {From the boom to the crisis: changes in employment conditions of immigrants in Spain and their effects on mental health}, author = {Gemma Robert and J M Martinez and A M Garcia and Fernando G Benavides and Elena Ronda}, url = {https://academic.oup.com/eurpub/article-lookup/doi/10.1093/eurpub/cku020}, doi = {10.1093/eurpub/cku020}, issn = {1101-1262}, year = {2014}, date = {2014-06-01}, journal = {The European Journal of Public Health}, volume = {24}, number = {3}, pages = {404--409}, abstract = {BACKGROUND: Migrant workers have been one of the groups most affected by the economic crisis. This study evaluates the influence of changes in employment conditions on the incidence of poor mental health of immigrant workers in Spain, after a period of 3 years, in context of economic crisis.$textbackslashbackslash$n$textbackslashbackslash$nMETHODS: Follow-up survey was conducted at two time points, 2008 and 2011, with a reference population of 318 workers from Colombia, Ecuador, Morocco and Romania residing in Spain. Individuals from this population who reported good mental health in the 2008 survey (n = 214) were interviewed again in 2011 to evaluate their mental health status and the effects of their different employment situations since 2008 by calculating crude and adjusted odds ratios (aORs) for sociodemographic and employment characteristics.$textbackslashbackslash$n$textbackslashbackslash$nFINDINGS: There was an increased risk of poor mental health in workers who lost their jobs (aOR = 3.62, 95%CI: 1.64-7.96), whose number of working hours increased (aOR = 2.35, 95%CI: 1.02-5.44), whose monthly income decreased (aOR = 2.75, 95%CI: 1.08-7.00) or who remained within the low-income bracket. This was also the case for people whose legal status (permission for working and residing in Spain) was temporary or permanent compared with those with Spanish nationality (aOR = 3.32, 95%CI: 1.15-9.58) or illegal (aOR = 17.34, 95%CI: 1.96-153.23). In contrast, a decreased risk was observed among those who attained their registration under Spanish Social Security system (aOR = 0.10, 95%CI: 0.02-0.48).$textbackslashbackslash$n$textbackslashbackslash$nCONCLUSION: There was an increase in poor mental health among immigrant workers who experienced deterioration in their employment conditions, probably influenced by the economic crisis.}, keywords = {Crisi Econòmica, Espanya, Immigrants, Treball}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } BACKGROUND: Migrant workers have been one of the groups most affected by the economic crisis. This study evaluates the influence of changes in employment conditions on the incidence of poor mental health of immigrant workers in Spain, after a period of 3 years, in context of economic crisis.$textbackslashbackslash$n$textbackslashbackslash$nMETHODS: Follow-up survey was conducted at two time points, 2008 and 2011, with a reference population of 318 workers from Colombia, Ecuador, Morocco and Romania residing in Spain. Individuals from this population who reported good mental health in the 2008 survey (n = 214) were interviewed again in 2011 to evaluate their mental health status and the effects of their different employment situations since 2008 by calculating crude and adjusted odds ratios (aORs) for sociodemographic and employment characteristics.$textbackslashbackslash$n$textbackslashbackslash$nFINDINGS: There was an increased risk of poor mental health in workers who lost their jobs (aOR = 3.62, 95%CI: 1.64-7.96), whose number of working hours increased (aOR = 2.35, 95%CI: 1.02-5.44), whose monthly income decreased (aOR = 2.75, 95%CI: 1.08-7.00) or who remained within the low-income bracket. This was also the case for people whose legal status (permission for working and residing in Spain) was temporary or permanent compared with those with Spanish nationality (aOR = 3.32, 95%CI: 1.15-9.58) or illegal (aOR = 17.34, 95%CI: 1.96-153.23). In contrast, a decreased risk was observed among those who attained their registration under Spanish Social Security system (aOR = 0.10, 95%CI: 0.02-0.48).$textbackslashbackslash$n$textbackslashbackslash$nCONCLUSION: There was an increase in poor mental health among immigrant workers who experienced deterioration in their employment conditions, probably influenced by the economic crisis. |
Llop-Gironés, Alba ; Vargas Lorenzo, Ingrid ; Garcia-Subirats, Irene ; Aller, Marta-Beatriz ; Vázquez Navarrete, María Luisa Acceso a los servicios de salud de la población inmigrante en España Artículo de revista Revista Española de Salud Pública, 88 (6), pp. 715–734, 2014. Resumen | Enlaces | BibTeX | Etiquetas: Accés Serveis de Salut, Immigrants, Salut @article{llop-girones_acceso_2014, title = {Acceso a los servicios de salud de la población inmigrante en España}, author = {Llop-Gironés, Alba and Vargas Lorenzo, Ingrid and Garcia-Subirats, Irene and Aller, Marta-Beatriz and Vázquez Navarrete, María Luisa}, url = {http://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1135-57272014000600005&lng=en&nrm=iso&tlng=en}, doi = {10.4321/S1135-57272014000600005}, year = {2014}, date = {2014-01-01}, journal = {Revista Española de Salud Pública}, volume = {88}, number = {6}, pages = {715--734}, abstract = {Fundamentos: Una importante proporción de población en España es inmigrante y la evidencia internacional señala su acceso inadecuado a los servicios de salud. El objetivo es conocer el acceso a la atención de la población inmigrante en España. Métodos: Revisión bibliográfica de los artículos originales (1998-2012) sobre acceso y utilización de los servicios de la población inmigrante en España registrados en Medline y MEDES. Se identificaron 319 artículos de los que se seleccionaron 20. Se utilizó el modelo de Aday y Andersen para el análisis. Resultados: Entre los artículos seleccionados, 13 estudios cuantitativos analizaron diferencias en la utilización de los servicios entre inmigrantes y autóctonos y 7 determinantes del acceso en inmigrantes. En líneas generales estos muestran menor utilización de la atención especializada, mayor de las urgencias y no se observaron diferencias entre grupos en atención primaria. Los 5 estudios cuantitativos sobre determinantes se centraron en las características de la población (sexo, edad, nivel de estudios y posesión de seguro privado) sin observarse un patrón claro. Los 2 estudios cualitativos analizaron factores relacionados con los servicios de salud y encontraron barreras en el acceso, como la provisión de información o los requisitos para obtener la tarjeta sanitaria. Conclusiones: El acceso a la atención en inmigrantes ha sido limitadamente abordado, con aproximaciones diferentes y los factores relacionados con la oferta, escasamente analizados. No se observa un patrón de utilización, las diferencias dependen de la clasificación de los inmigrante según origen y nivel asistencial. No obstante, en inmigrantes se observa menor utilización de la atención especializada y mayor de las urgencias, así como determinantes del acceso distintos a la necesidad.}, keywords = {Accés Serveis de Salut, Immigrants, Salut}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Fundamentos: Una importante proporción de población en España es inmigrante y la evidencia internacional señala su acceso inadecuado a los servicios de salud. El objetivo es conocer el acceso a la atención de la población inmigrante en España. Métodos: Revisión bibliográfica de los artículos originales (1998-2012) sobre acceso y utilización de los servicios de la población inmigrante en España registrados en Medline y MEDES. Se identificaron 319 artículos de los que se seleccionaron 20. Se utilizó el modelo de Aday y Andersen para el análisis. Resultados: Entre los artículos seleccionados, 13 estudios cuantitativos analizaron diferencias en la utilización de los servicios entre inmigrantes y autóctonos y 7 determinantes del acceso en inmigrantes. En líneas generales estos muestran menor utilización de la atención especializada, mayor de las urgencias y no se observaron diferencias entre grupos en atención primaria. Los 5 estudios cuantitativos sobre determinantes se centraron en las características de la población (sexo, edad, nivel de estudios y posesión de seguro privado) sin observarse un patrón claro. Los 2 estudios cualitativos analizaron factores relacionados con los servicios de salud y encontraron barreras en el acceso, como la provisión de información o los requisitos para obtener la tarjeta sanitaria. Conclusiones: El acceso a la atención en inmigrantes ha sido limitadamente abordado, con aproximaciones diferentes y los factores relacionados con la oferta, escasamente analizados. No se observa un patrón de utilización, las diferencias dependen de la clasificación de los inmigrante según origen y nivel asistencial. No obstante, en inmigrantes se observa menor utilización de la atención especializada y mayor de las urgencias, así como determinantes del acceso distintos a la necesidad. |
Suess, Amets ; Ruiz Pérez, Isabel ; Ruiz Azarola, Ainhoa ; March Cerdà, Joan Carles El derecho de acceso sanitario en el contexto del Real Decreto-ley 16/2012: la perspectiva de organizaciones de la sociedad civil y asociaciones profesionales Artículo de revista Gaceta Sanitaria, 28 (6), pp. 461–469, 2014, ISSN: 02139111. Resumen | Enlaces | BibTeX | Etiquetas: Accés Serveis de Salut, Immigrants, Salut @article{suess_derecho_2014, title = {El derecho de acceso sanitario en el contexto del Real Decreto-ley 16/2012: la perspectiva de organizaciones de la sociedad civil y asociaciones profesionales}, author = {Suess, Amets and Ruiz Pérez, Isabel and Ruiz Azarola, Ainhoa and March Cerdà, Joan Carles}, url = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0213911114001927}, doi = {10.1016/j.gaceta.2014.06.008}, issn = {02139111}, year = {2014}, date = {2014-01-01}, journal = {Gaceta Sanitaria}, volume = {28}, number = {6}, pages = {461--469}, abstract = {Objective: The recent publication of the Royal Decree-Law 16/2012 (RDL 16/2012), which introduces structural changes in the Spanish Public Healthcare System, can be placed in the broader context of budgetary adjustments in response to the current economic crisis. An analysis of the interrelationships among economic crisis, healthcare policies, and health reveals that citizen participation is one of several potential strategies for reducing the impact of this situation on the population. This observation raises the interest to know the citizens' perspectives on the modifications introduced by the RDL 16/2012. Methods: Narrative review of documents related to the RDL 16/2012 published by civil society organizations and professional associations in the Spanish context. Results: A broad citizen response can be observed to the introduction of RDL 16/2012. The documents reviewed include an analysis of changes in the healthcare model inherent to the RDL 16/2012, as well as predictions on its impact on access to healthcare, healthcare quality, and health. The civil society organizations and professional associations offer recommendations and proposals, as well as collaboration in elaborating alternative strategies to reduce costs. Conclusions: The response of civil society organizations and professional associations underscores the importance of strengthening citizen participation in the development of healthcare policies aimed at maintaining the universal character and sustainability of the Spanish Public Healthcare System in the current moment of economic and systemic crisis.}, keywords = {Accés Serveis de Salut, Immigrants, Salut}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Objective: The recent publication of the Royal Decree-Law 16/2012 (RDL 16/2012), which introduces structural changes in the Spanish Public Healthcare System, can be placed in the broader context of budgetary adjustments in response to the current economic crisis. An analysis of the interrelationships among economic crisis, healthcare policies, and health reveals that citizen participation is one of several potential strategies for reducing the impact of this situation on the population. This observation raises the interest to know the citizens' perspectives on the modifications introduced by the RDL 16/2012. Methods: Narrative review of documents related to the RDL 16/2012 published by civil society organizations and professional associations in the Spanish context. Results: A broad citizen response can be observed to the introduction of RDL 16/2012. The documents reviewed include an analysis of changes in the healthcare model inherent to the RDL 16/2012, as well as predictions on its impact on access to healthcare, healthcare quality, and health. The civil society organizations and professional associations offer recommendations and proposals, as well as collaboration in elaborating alternative strategies to reduce costs. Conclusions: The response of civil society organizations and professional associations underscores the importance of strengthening citizen participation in the development of healthcare policies aimed at maintaining the universal character and sustainability of the Spanish Public Healthcare System in the current moment of economic and systemic crisis. |
Woodward, Aniek ; Howard, Natasha ; Wolffers, Ivan Health and access to care for undocumented migrants living in the European Union: a scoping review Artículo de revista Health Policy and Planning, 29 (7), pp. 818–830, 2014, ISSN: 0268-1080. Resumen | Enlaces | BibTeX | Etiquetas: Accés Serveis de Salut, Immigrants, Salut @article{woodward_health_2014, title = {Health and access to care for undocumented migrants living in the European Union: a scoping review}, author = {Woodward, Aniek and Howard, Natasha and Wolffers, Ivan}, url = {https://academic.oup.com/heapol/article-lookup/doi/10.1093/heapol/czt061}, doi = {10.1093/heapol/czt061}, issn = {0268-1080}, year = {2014}, date = {2014-01-01}, journal = {Health Policy and Planning}, volume = {29}, number = {7}, pages = {818--830}, abstract = {BACKGROUND: Literature on health and access to care of undocumented migrants in the European Union (EU) is limited and heterogeneous in focus and quality. Authors conducted a scoping review to identify the extent, nature and distribution of existing primary research (1990-2012), thus clarifying what is known, key gaps, and potential next steps.$textbackslashbackslash$n$textbackslashbackslash$nMETHODS: Authors used Arksey and O'Malley's six-stage scoping framework, with Levac, Colquhoun and O'Brien's revisions, to review identified sources. Findings were summarized thematically: (i) physical, mental and social health issues, (ii) access and barriers to care, (iii) vulnerable groups and (iv) policy and rights.$textbackslashbackslash$n$textbackslashbackslash$nRESULTS: Fifty-four sources were included of 598 identified, with 93% (50/54) published during 2005-2012. EU member states from Eastern Europe were under-represented, particularly in single-country studies. Most study designs (52%) were qualitative. Sampling descriptions were generally poor, and sampling purposeful, with only four studies using any randomization. Demographic descriptions were far from uniform and only two studies focused on undocumented children and youth. Most (80%) included findings on health-care access, with obstacles reported at primary, secondary and tertiary levels. Major access barriers included fear, lack of awareness of rights, socioeconomics. Mental disorders appeared widespread, while obstetric needs and injuries were key reasons for seeking care. Pregnant women, children and detainees appeared most vulnerable. While EU policy supports health-care access for undocumented migrants, practices remain haphazard, with studies reporting differing interpretation and implementation of rights at regional, institutional and individual levels.$textbackslashbackslash$n$textbackslashbackslash$nCONCLUSIONS: This scoping review is an initial attempt to describe available primary evidence on health and access to care for undocumented migrants in the European Union. It underlines the need for more and better-quality research, increased co-operation between gatekeepers, providers, researchers and policy makers, and reduced ambiguities in health-care rights and obligations for undocumented migrants.}, keywords = {Accés Serveis de Salut, Immigrants, Salut}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } BACKGROUND: Literature on health and access to care of undocumented migrants in the European Union (EU) is limited and heterogeneous in focus and quality. Authors conducted a scoping review to identify the extent, nature and distribution of existing primary research (1990-2012), thus clarifying what is known, key gaps, and potential next steps.$textbackslashbackslash$n$textbackslashbackslash$nMETHODS: Authors used Arksey and O'Malley's six-stage scoping framework, with Levac, Colquhoun and O'Brien's revisions, to review identified sources. Findings were summarized thematically: (i) physical, mental and social health issues, (ii) access and barriers to care, (iii) vulnerable groups and (iv) policy and rights.$textbackslashbackslash$n$textbackslashbackslash$nRESULTS: Fifty-four sources were included of 598 identified, with 93% (50/54) published during 2005-2012. EU member states from Eastern Europe were under-represented, particularly in single-country studies. Most study designs (52%) were qualitative. Sampling descriptions were generally poor, and sampling purposeful, with only four studies using any randomization. Demographic descriptions were far from uniform and only two studies focused on undocumented children and youth. Most (80%) included findings on health-care access, with obstacles reported at primary, secondary and tertiary levels. Major access barriers included fear, lack of awareness of rights, socioeconomics. Mental disorders appeared widespread, while obstetric needs and injuries were key reasons for seeking care. Pregnant women, children and detainees appeared most vulnerable. While EU policy supports health-care access for undocumented migrants, practices remain haphazard, with studies reporting differing interpretation and implementation of rights at regional, institutional and individual levels.$textbackslashbackslash$n$textbackslashbackslash$nCONCLUSIONS: This scoping review is an initial attempt to describe available primary evidence on health and access to care for undocumented migrants in the European Union. It underlines the need for more and better-quality research, increased co-operation between gatekeepers, providers, researchers and policy makers, and reduced ambiguities in health-care rights and obligations for undocumented migrants. |
2013 |
Almeida, Lígia Moreira ; Caldas, José ; Ayres-de-Campos, Diogo ; Salcedo-Barrientos, Dora ; Dias, Sónia Maternal healthcare in migrants: a systematic review. Artículo de revista Maternal and child health journal, 17 (8), pp. 1346–1354, 2013, ISSN: 1573-6628. Resumen | Enlaces | BibTeX | Etiquetas: Immigrants, Salut @article{almeida_maternal_2013, title = {Maternal healthcare in migrants: a systematic review.}, author = {Almeida, Lígia Moreira and Caldas, José and Ayres-de-Campos, Diogo and Salcedo-Barrientos, Dora and Dias, Sónia}, url = {http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10995-012-1149-x }, doi = {10.1007/s10995-012-1149-x}, issn = {1573-6628}, year = {2013}, date = {2013-10-01}, journal = {Maternal and child health journal}, volume = {17}, number = {8}, pages = {1346--1354}, abstract = {Pregnancy is a period of increased vulnerability for migrant women, and access to healthcare, use and quality of care provided during this period are important aspects to characterize the support provided to this population. A systematic review of the scientific literature contained in the MEDLINE and SCOPUS databases was carried out, searching for population based studies published between 1990 and 2012 and reporting on maternal healthcare in immigrant populations. A total of 854 articles were retrieved and 30 publications met the inclusion criteria, being included in the final evaluation. The majority of studies point to a higher health risk profile in immigrants, with an increased incidence of co-morbidity in some populations, reduced access to health facilities particularly in illegal immigrants, poor communication between women and caregivers, a lower rate of obstetrical interventions, a higher incidence of stillbirth and early neonatal death, an increased risk of maternal death, and a higher incidence of postpartum depression. Incidences vary widely among different population groups. Some migrant populations are at a higher risk of serious complications during pregnancy, for reasons that include reduced access and use of healthcare facilities, as well as less optimal care, resulting in a higher incidence of adverse outcomes. Tackling these problems and achieving equality of care for all is a challenging aim for public healthcare services.}, keywords = {Immigrants, Salut}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Pregnancy is a period of increased vulnerability for migrant women, and access to healthcare, use and quality of care provided during this period are important aspects to characterize the support provided to this population. A systematic review of the scientific literature contained in the MEDLINE and SCOPUS databases was carried out, searching for population based studies published between 1990 and 2012 and reporting on maternal healthcare in immigrant populations. A total of 854 articles were retrieved and 30 publications met the inclusion criteria, being included in the final evaluation. The majority of studies point to a higher health risk profile in immigrants, with an increased incidence of co-morbidity in some populations, reduced access to health facilities particularly in illegal immigrants, poor communication between women and caregivers, a lower rate of obstetrical interventions, a higher incidence of stillbirth and early neonatal death, an increased risk of maternal death, and a higher incidence of postpartum depression. Incidences vary widely among different population groups. Some migrant populations are at a higher risk of serious complications during pregnancy, for reasons that include reduced access and use of healthcare facilities, as well as less optimal care, resulting in a higher incidence of adverse outcomes. Tackling these problems and achieving equality of care for all is a challenging aim for public healthcare services. |
Barona-Vilar, Carmen ; M?s-Pons, Rosa ; Fullana-Montoro, Ana ; Giner-Monfort, Jordi ; Grau-Mu?oz, Arantxa ; Bisbal-Sanz, Josep Perceptions and experiences of parenthood and maternal health care among Latin American women living in Spain: A qualitative study Artículo de revista Midwifery, 29 (4), pp. 332–337, 2013, ISSN: 02666138. Resumen | Enlaces | BibTeX | Etiquetas: Immigrants, Salut @article{barona-vilar_perceptions_2013, title = {Perceptions and experiences of parenthood and maternal health care among Latin American women living in Spain: A qualitative study}, author = {Barona-Vilar, Carmen and M?s-Pons, Rosa and Fullana-Montoro, Ana and Giner-Monfort, Jordi and Grau-Mu?oz, Arantxa and Bisbal-Sanz, Josep}, url = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S026661381200023X}, doi = {10.1016/j.midw.2012.01.015}, issn = {02666138}, year = {2013}, date = {2013-01-01}, journal = {Midwifery}, volume = {29}, number = {4}, pages = {332--337}, abstract = {Objective: to explore the experiences and perceptions of parenthood and maternal health care among Latin American women living in Spain. Design: an exploratory qualitative research using focus groups and thematic analysis of the discussion. Setting and participants: three focus groups with 26 women from Bolivia and Ecuador and three focus groups with 24 midwives were performed in three towns in the Valencian Community receiving a large influx of immigrants. Findings: the women interpreted motherhood as the role through which they achieve fulfilment and assumed that they were the ones who could best take care of their children. They perceived that men usually make decisions about sex and pregnancy and recognised a poor or inadequate use of contraceptive methods in planning their pregnancies. Women reported that it was not necessary to go as soon and as frequently for health examinations during pregnancy as the midwives suggested. The main barriers identified to health-care services were linked to insecure or illegal employment status, inflexible appointment timetables for prenatal checkups and sometimes to ignorance about how public services worked. Key conclusions and implications for practice: empowering immigrant women is essential to having a long-term positive effect on their reproductive health. Antenatal care providers should be trained to build maternity care that is culturally sensitive and responds better to the health needs of different pregnant women and their newborns. © 2012 Elsevier Ltd.}, keywords = {Immigrants, Salut}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Objective: to explore the experiences and perceptions of parenthood and maternal health care among Latin American women living in Spain. Design: an exploratory qualitative research using focus groups and thematic analysis of the discussion. Setting and participants: three focus groups with 26 women from Bolivia and Ecuador and three focus groups with 24 midwives were performed in three towns in the Valencian Community receiving a large influx of immigrants. Findings: the women interpreted motherhood as the role through which they achieve fulfilment and assumed that they were the ones who could best take care of their children. They perceived that men usually make decisions about sex and pregnancy and recognised a poor or inadequate use of contraceptive methods in planning their pregnancies. Women reported that it was not necessary to go as soon and as frequently for health examinations during pregnancy as the midwives suggested. The main barriers identified to health-care services were linked to insecure or illegal employment status, inflexible appointment timetables for prenatal checkups and sometimes to ignorance about how public services worked. Key conclusions and implications for practice: empowering immigrant women is essential to having a long-term positive effect on their reproductive health. Antenatal care providers should be trained to build maternity care that is culturally sensitive and responds better to the health needs of different pregnant women and their newborns. © 2012 Elsevier Ltd. |
Nacif-Gomera, María Loris ; Lorenzo-González, Rosalía ; Hernández, Mercedes ; Pérez-Martínez, Antonio AMOR II: an effort to eradicate psychosocial barriers induced by immigration phenomenon in children with cancer. Artículo de revista Journal of pediatric hematology/oncology, 35 (2), pp. 118–23, 2013, ISSN: 1536-3678. Resumen | Enlaces | BibTeX | Etiquetas: Immigrants, Infants, Salut @article{nacif-gomera_amor_2013, title = {AMOR II: an effort to eradicate psychosocial barriers induced by immigration phenomenon in children with cancer.}, author = {Nacif-Gomera, María Loris and Lorenzo-González, Rosalía and Hernández, Mercedes and Pérez-Martínez, Antonio}, url = {http://journals.lww.com/jpho-online/Abstract/2013/03000/AMOR_II___An_Effort_to_Eradicate_Psychosocial.8.aspx}, doi = {10.1097/MPH.0b013e3182580c0c}, issn = {1536-3678}, year = {2013}, date = {2013-01-01}, journal = {Journal of pediatric hematology/oncology}, volume = {35}, number = {2}, pages = {118--23}, abstract = {BACKGROUND Immigration in the childhood cancer population constitutes a stressor factor because of high biopsychosocial vulnerability. In recent years the incidence of immigrant children in our unit has increased. Since 2005 we have developed a psychosocial program to overcome this challenge. Our objective is to assess its impact on the immigrant pediatric population. PROCEDURE We have compared new cases (n=114) from 2005 to 2010 with historical cases (n=95) from 1995 to 2004. We administered a long-term follow-up questionnaire allowing for the assessment of symptoms associated with biopsychosocial variables. RESULTS Most of our immigrant patients came from Latin America and we observed a significant increase of cases coming from Morocco and Romania. The most common diagnosis was hematological malignancies. From 2005 to 2010 the disease status was mainly initial, whereas in the period 1995 to 2004 most of the patients arrived with advanced disease. Socioeconomic variables amongst these patients tended towards low incomes, high unemployment, and economic difficulties. The implementation of the biopsychosocial protocol AMOR II improved adaptation (P=0.012), the amount and understanding of information received (P=0.002), and family emotional support (P=0.004). CONCLUSIONS In brief, our biopsychosocial protocol had significantly increased some psychosocial variables. However, immigration in Spain is still associated with economic difficulties, "aculturism" and failure to adapt.}, keywords = {Immigrants, Infants, Salut}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } BACKGROUND Immigration in the childhood cancer population constitutes a stressor factor because of high biopsychosocial vulnerability. In recent years the incidence of immigrant children in our unit has increased. Since 2005 we have developed a psychosocial program to overcome this challenge. Our objective is to assess its impact on the immigrant pediatric population. PROCEDURE We have compared new cases (n=114) from 2005 to 2010 with historical cases (n=95) from 1995 to 2004. We administered a long-term follow-up questionnaire allowing for the assessment of symptoms associated with biopsychosocial variables. RESULTS Most of our immigrant patients came from Latin America and we observed a significant increase of cases coming from Morocco and Romania. The most common diagnosis was hematological malignancies. From 2005 to 2010 the disease status was mainly initial, whereas in the period 1995 to 2004 most of the patients arrived with advanced disease. Socioeconomic variables amongst these patients tended towards low incomes, high unemployment, and economic difficulties. The implementation of the biopsychosocial protocol AMOR II improved adaptation (P=0.012), the amount and understanding of information received (P=0.002), and family emotional support (P=0.004). CONCLUSIONS In brief, our biopsychosocial protocol had significantly increased some psychosocial variables. However, immigration in Spain is still associated with economic difficulties, "aculturism" and failure to adapt. |
Vázquez Navarrete, María Luisa ; Terraza-Núñez, Rebeca ; S-Hernández, Silvia ; Vargas, Ingrid ; Bosch, Lola ; González, Andrea ; Pequeño, Sandra ; Cantos, Raquel ; Martínez, Juan Ignacio ; López, Luís Andrés Are migrants health policies aimed at improving access to quality healthcare? An analysis of Spanish policies. Artículo de revista Health policy (Amsterdam, Netherlands), 113 (3), pp. 236–46, 2013, ISSN: 1872-6054. Resumen | Enlaces | BibTeX | Etiquetas: Accés Serveis de Salut, Immigrants, Salut @article{vazquez_navarrete_are_2013, title = {Are migrants health policies aimed at improving access to quality healthcare? An analysis of Spanish policies.}, author = {Vázquez Navarrete, María Luisa and Terraza-Núñez, Rebeca and S-Hernández, Silvia and Vargas, Ingrid and Bosch, Lola and González, Andrea and Pequeño, Sandra and Cantos, Raquel and Martínez, Juan Ignacio and López, Luís Andrés}, url = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0168851013001693}, doi = {10.1016/j.healthpol.2013.06.007}, issn = {1872-6054}, year = {2013}, date = {2013-01-01}, journal = {Health policy (Amsterdam, Netherlands)}, volume = {113}, number = {3}, pages = {236--46}, abstract = {Although until April 2012, all Spanish citizens regardless of their origin, residence status and work situation were entitled to health care, available evidence suggested inadequate access for immigrants. Following the Aday and Andersen model, we conducted an analysis of policy elements that affect immigrants' access to health care in Spain, based on documentary analysis of national policies and selected regional policies related to migrant health care. Selected documents were (a) laws and plans in force at the time containing migrant health policies and (b) evaluations. The analysis included policy principles, objectives, strategies and evaluations. Results show that the national and regional policies analyzed are based on the principle that health care is a right granted to immigrants by law. These policies include strategies to facilitate access to health care, reducing barriers for entry to the system, for example simplifying requirements and raising awareness, but mostly they address the necessary qualities for services to be able to attend to a more diverse population, such as the adaptation of resources and programs, or improved communication and training. However, limited planning was identified in terms of their implementation, necessary resources and evaluation. In conclusion, the policies address relevant barriers of access for migrants and signal improvements in the health system's responsiveness, but reinforcement is required in order for them to be effectively implemented.}, keywords = {Accés Serveis de Salut, Immigrants, Salut}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Although until April 2012, all Spanish citizens regardless of their origin, residence status and work situation were entitled to health care, available evidence suggested inadequate access for immigrants. Following the Aday and Andersen model, we conducted an analysis of policy elements that affect immigrants' access to health care in Spain, based on documentary analysis of national policies and selected regional policies related to migrant health care. Selected documents were (a) laws and plans in force at the time containing migrant health policies and (b) evaluations. The analysis included policy principles, objectives, strategies and evaluations. Results show that the national and regional policies analyzed are based on the principle that health care is a right granted to immigrants by law. These policies include strategies to facilitate access to health care, reducing barriers for entry to the system, for example simplifying requirements and raising awareness, but mostly they address the necessary qualities for services to be able to attend to a more diverse population, such as the adaptation of resources and programs, or improved communication and training. However, limited planning was identified in terms of their implementation, necessary resources and evaluation. In conclusion, the policies address relevant barriers of access for migrants and signal improvements in the health system's responsiveness, but reinforcement is required in order for them to be effectively implemented. |
Giliberti, Luca Escuela y reproducción social: las prácticas ocultas en los sistemas educativos español y dominicano Artículo de revista Mondi Migranti, (2), pp. 221–238, 2013, ISSN: 1972-4888. Enlaces | BibTeX | Etiquetas: Educació, Immigrants @article{giliberti_escuela_2013, title = {Escuela y reproducción social: las prácticas ocultas en los sistemas educativos español y dominicano}, author = {Giliberti, Luca}, url = {http://www.francoangeli.it/riviste/Scheda_Riviste.asp?IDArticolo=49938}, doi = {10.3280/MM2013-002013}, issn = {1972-4888}, year = {2013}, date = {2013-01-01}, journal = {Mondi Migranti}, number = {2}, pages = {221--238}, keywords = {Educació, Immigrants}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } |
Rechel, Bernd; Mladovsky, Philipa; Ingleby, David; Mackenbach, Johan P; McKee, Martin Migration and health in an increasingly diverse Europe Artículo de revista The Lancet, 381 (9873), 2013, ISSN: 01406736. Resumen | Enlaces | BibTeX | Etiquetas: Europa, Immigrants, Salut @article{rechel_migration_2013, title = {Migration and health in an increasingly diverse Europe}, author = {Bernd Rechel and Philipa Mladovsky and David Ingleby and Johan P Mackenbach and Martin McKee}, doi = {10.1016/S0140-6736(12)62086-8}, issn = {01406736}, year = {2013}, date = {2013-01-01}, journal = {The Lancet}, volume = {381}, number = {9873}, abstract = {The share of migrants in European populations is substantial and growing, despite a slowdown in immigration after the global economic crisis. This paper describes key aspects of migration and health in Europe, including the scale of international migration, available data for migrant health, barriers to accessing health services, ways of improving health service provision to migrants, and migrant health policies that have been adopted across Europe. Improvement of migrant health and provision of access for migrants to appropriate health services is not without challenges, but knowledge about what steps need to be taken to achieve these aims is increasing.}, keywords = {Europa, Immigrants, Salut}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } The share of migrants in European populations is substantial and growing, despite a slowdown in immigration after the global economic crisis. This paper describes key aspects of migration and health in Europe, including the scale of international migration, available data for migrant health, barriers to accessing health services, ways of improving health service provision to migrants, and migrant health policies that have been adopted across Europe. Improvement of migrant health and provision of access for migrants to appropriate health services is not without challenges, but knowledge about what steps need to be taken to achieve these aims is increasing. |
2012 |
Mart{í}n, Unai ; Malmusi, Davide ; Bacigalupe, Amaia ; Esnaola, Santiago Migraciones internas en España durante el siglo xx: un nuevo eje para el estudio de las desigualdades sociales en salud Artículo de revista Gaceta Sanitaria, 26 (1), pp. 9–15, 2012, ISSN: 02139111. Resumen | Enlaces | BibTeX | Etiquetas: Immigrants, Salut @article{Martin2012, title = {Migraciones internas en España durante el siglo xx: un nuevo eje para el estudio de las desigualdades sociales en salud}, author = {Mart{í}n, Unai and Malmusi, Davide and Bacigalupe, Amaia and Esnaola, Santiago}, url = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0213911111001828}, doi = {10.1016/j.gaceta.2011.06.005}, issn = {02139111}, year = {2012}, date = {2012-01-01}, journal = {Gaceta Sanitaria}, volume = {26}, number = {1}, pages = {9--15}, abstract = {Objetivo Catalunya y Euskadi recibieron durante el siglo xx importantes contingentes de inmigración del resto de España. El objetivo es analizar las desigualdades en salud según el lugar de nacimiento (población autóctona y nacida en otras comunidades autónomas). Métodos Estudio transversal sobre población no institucionalizada de 50 a 79 años de edad, con datos de las encuestas de salud de Catalunya 2006 (n = 5.483) y de Euskadi 2007 (n = 3.424). Se utilizaron modelos log-binomiales para calcular las razones de prevalencia (RP) de mala salud percibida según el lugar de nacimiento, estratificadas por sexo y clase social, y ajustadas sucesivamente por edad, clase social y nivel de estudios. Resultados Las personas procedentes de otras comunidades autónomas valoraban peor su salud que las autóctonas, tanto en Euskadi (RP ajustada por edad en hombres de 1,30, intervalo de confianza del 95% [IC95%] 1,11-1,54; y en mujeres RP de 1,42 e IC95% de 1,25-1,62) como en Catalunya (en hombres RP 1,41 e IC95% de 1,26-1,62; en mujeres RP de 1,25 e IC95% de 1,16-1,35). Las RP se redujeron, pero permanecieron significativas tras ajustar por clase social y nivel de estudios, y estratificando por clase social manual y no manual. Conclusiones En ambas comunidades existen desigualdades en salud en detrimento de la población procedente del resto de España, que constituye alrededor de la mitad de la población en las cohortes de edad estudiadas. Futuros estudios deberían explorar la persistencia de estas desigualdades en otros indicadores de salud y su reproducción en las segundas generaciones, así como identificar puntos de entrada para políticas preventivas.}, keywords = {Immigrants, Salut}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Objetivo Catalunya y Euskadi recibieron durante el siglo xx importantes contingentes de inmigración del resto de España. El objetivo es analizar las desigualdades en salud según el lugar de nacimiento (población autóctona y nacida en otras comunidades autónomas). Métodos Estudio transversal sobre población no institucionalizada de 50 a 79 años de edad, con datos de las encuestas de salud de Catalunya 2006 (n = 5.483) y de Euskadi 2007 (n = 3.424). Se utilizaron modelos log-binomiales para calcular las razones de prevalencia (RP) de mala salud percibida según el lugar de nacimiento, estratificadas por sexo y clase social, y ajustadas sucesivamente por edad, clase social y nivel de estudios. Resultados Las personas procedentes de otras comunidades autónomas valoraban peor su salud que las autóctonas, tanto en Euskadi (RP ajustada por edad en hombres de 1,30, intervalo de confianza del 95% [IC95%] 1,11-1,54; y en mujeres RP de 1,42 e IC95% de 1,25-1,62) como en Catalunya (en hombres RP 1,41 e IC95% de 1,26-1,62; en mujeres RP de 1,25 e IC95% de 1,16-1,35). Las RP se redujeron, pero permanecieron significativas tras ajustar por clase social y nivel de estudios, y estratificando por clase social manual y no manual. Conclusiones En ambas comunidades existen desigualdades en salud en detrimento de la población procedente del resto de España, que constituye alrededor de la mitad de la población en las cohortes de edad estudiadas. Futuros estudios deberían explorar la persistencia de estas desigualdades en otros indicadores de salud y su reproducción en las segundas generaciones, así como identificar puntos de entrada para políticas preventivas. |
2011 |
Sanz-Barbero, Belén ; Regidor, Enrique ; Galindo, Silvia Influencia del lugar de origen en la utilización de pruebas de cribado de cáncer ginecológico en España Artículo de revista Revista de Saúde Pública, 45 (6), pp. 1019–1026, 2011. Resumen | Enlaces | BibTeX | Etiquetas: Desigualtats de Génere, Immigrants, Salut @article{sanz-barbero_influencia_2011, title = {Influencia del lugar de origen en la utilización de pruebas de cribado de cáncer ginecológico en España}, author = {Sanz-Barbero, Belén and Regidor, Enrique and Galindo, Silvia}, url = {http://ref.scielo.org/8v6nsj}, doi = {10.1590/S0034-89102011000600003}, year = {2011}, date = {2011-12-01}, journal = {Revista de Saúde Pública}, volume = {45}, number = {6}, pages = {1019--1026}, abstract = {Objective: To assess the association between geographic origin and the use of screening cervical smears and mammograms. Methods: Data was obtained from the 2006 Spanish National Health Survey that included 13,422 females over 16 years of age. The dependent variable was use of screening mammograms and cervical smears in the past 12 months. The measure of association (odds ratio and its related 95% confi dence interval) was estimated using logistic regression. Results: African women were 0.36 (95% CI 0.21,0.62), Eastern European 0.40 (95%CI 0.22;0.74), Western European, American and Canadian 0.60 (95%CI 0.43,0.84), and Central and South American 0.64 times (95%CI 0.52, 0.81) less likely to undergo a mammogram compared with the general population of Spain. In regard to cervical cancer screening, Eastern European women were 0.38 (95%CI 0.28,0.50), African 0.47 (95%CI 0.33,0.67) and Western European, American and Canadian 0.61 times (95%CI 0.46, 0.81) less likely to undergo cervical smears. These associations were independent of age, socioeconomic condition, health status and health insurance coverage. Conclusions: Immigrant women use less screening programs than native Spanish women. This fi nding may suggest diffi cult access to prevention programs.}, keywords = {Desigualtats de Génere, Immigrants, Salut}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Objective: To assess the association between geographic origin and the use of screening cervical smears and mammograms. Methods: Data was obtained from the 2006 Spanish National Health Survey that included 13,422 females over 16 years of age. The dependent variable was use of screening mammograms and cervical smears in the past 12 months. The measure of association (odds ratio and its related 95% confi dence interval) was estimated using logistic regression. Results: African women were 0.36 (95% CI 0.21,0.62), Eastern European 0.40 (95%CI 0.22;0.74), Western European, American and Canadian 0.60 (95%CI 0.43,0.84), and Central and South American 0.64 times (95%CI 0.52, 0.81) less likely to undergo a mammogram compared with the general population of Spain. In regard to cervical cancer screening, Eastern European women were 0.38 (95%CI 0.28,0.50), African 0.47 (95%CI 0.33,0.67) and Western European, American and Canadian 0.61 times (95%CI 0.46, 0.81) less likely to undergo cervical smears. These associations were independent of age, socioeconomic condition, health status and health insurance coverage. Conclusions: Immigrant women use less screening programs than native Spanish women. This fi nding may suggest diffi cult access to prevention programs. |
Sanz-Barbero, Belén ; Regidor, Enrique ; Galindo, Silvia ; Pascual, Cruz ; Lostao, Lourdes ; Díaz, José Manuel ; Sánchez, Elisabeth Pattern of health services use by immigrants from different regions of the world residing in Spain. Artículo de revista International journal of public health, 56 (5), pp. 567–576, 2011. Resumen | Enlaces | BibTeX | Etiquetas: Accés Serveis de Salut, Immigrants, Salut @article{sanz-barbero_pattern_2011, title = {Pattern of health services use by immigrants from different regions of the world residing in Spain.}, author = {Sanz-Barbero, Belén and Regidor, Enrique and Galindo, Silvia and Pascual, Cruz and Lostao, Lourdes and Díaz, José Manuel and Sánchez, Elisabeth}, url = {https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00038-011-0237-9}, doi = {10.1007/s00038-011-0237-9}, year = {2011}, date = {2011-10-01}, journal = {International journal of public health}, volume = {56}, number = {5}, pages = {567--576}, abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To determine immigrants' frequency of use of four health services by place of origin and compare it with that of the Spanish population. METHODS: Based on the 2006 National Health Survey in Spain, we estimated the frequency of use of four health services in men and women from: Spain, Western countries, Eastern Europe, Latin America, North Africa, Sub Saharan Africa and Asia/Oceania. These results were compared with the Spanish population by calculating odds ratios adjusted for age, socioeconomic position, health status, and type of health coverage. RESULTS: Immigrant men generally use health services less frequently than Spanish nationals. The main exceptions are Latin American men, who more often use emergency services (OR 1.68, 95% CI 1.41-1.99) and Sub-Saharan men, who use specialists more frequently (OR 2.93, 1.70-5.05). Immigrant women use health services about as frequently as Spanish women. The main exceptions are North African women, who less frequently use specialists (OR 0.39, 0.22-0.71) and Sub-Saharan women who more frequently use GPs (OR 4.06, 2.21-7.44), specialists (OR 2.29, 1.06-4.95) and emergency services (OR 2.92, 1.49-5.72). CONCLUSIONS: Health services use by the immigrant population in Spain differs by gender and place of origin.}, keywords = {Accés Serveis de Salut, Immigrants, Salut}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } OBJECTIVE: To determine immigrants' frequency of use of four health services by place of origin and compare it with that of the Spanish population. METHODS: Based on the 2006 National Health Survey in Spain, we estimated the frequency of use of four health services in men and women from: Spain, Western countries, Eastern Europe, Latin America, North Africa, Sub Saharan Africa and Asia/Oceania. These results were compared with the Spanish population by calculating odds ratios adjusted for age, socioeconomic position, health status, and type of health coverage. RESULTS: Immigrant men generally use health services less frequently than Spanish nationals. The main exceptions are Latin American men, who more often use emergency services (OR 1.68, 95% CI 1.41-1.99) and Sub-Saharan men, who use specialists more frequently (OR 2.93, 1.70-5.05). Immigrant women use health services about as frequently as Spanish women. The main exceptions are North African women, who less frequently use specialists (OR 0.39, 0.22-0.71) and Sub-Saharan women who more frequently use GPs (OR 4.06, 2.21-7.44), specialists (OR 2.29, 1.06-4.95) and emergency services (OR 2.92, 1.49-5.72). CONCLUSIONS: Health services use by the immigrant population in Spain differs by gender and place of origin. |
Moreno Fuentes, Francisco Javier ; Bruquetas Callejo, María Inmigración y Estado de bienestar en España Libro Obra Social "la Caixa", Barcelona, 2011, ISBN: 978-84-9900-046-6. Enlaces | BibTeX | Etiquetas: Immigrants @book{moreno_fuentes_inmigracion_2011, title = {Inmigración y Estado de bienestar en España}, author = {Moreno Fuentes, Francisco Javier and Bruquetas Callejo, María}, url = {http://www.publicacionestecnicas.com/lacaixa/inmigracion/files/31_es/descargas/31_es.pdf}, isbn = {978-84-9900-046-6}, year = {2011}, date = {2011-01-01}, publisher = {Obra Social "la Caixa"}, address = {Barcelona}, series = {Colección Estudios Sociales. 31}, keywords = {Immigrants}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {book} } |
Rechel, Bernd ; Mladovsky, Philipa ; Devillé, Walter ; Rijks, Barbara ; Petrova-Benedict, Roumyana ; McKee, Martin (Ed.) Migration and health in the European Union Libro McGraw Hill. Open University Press, Maidenhead, 2011, ISBN: 978-0-335-24568-0. Resumen | Enlaces | BibTeX | Etiquetas: Immigrants, Salut @book{rechel_migration_2011, title = {Migration and health in the European Union}, editor = {Rechel, Bernd and Mladovsky, Philipa and Devillé, Walter and Rijks, Barbara and Petrova-Benedict, Roumyana and McKee, Martin}, url = {http://www.euro.who.int/__data/assets/pdf_file/0019/161560/e96458.pdf}, isbn = {978-0-335-24568-0}, year = {2011}, date = {2011-01-01}, volume = {13}, publisher = {McGraw Hill. Open University Press}, address = {Maidenhead}, series = {European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies Series}, abstract = {Train of thought: migration and health As James Buchan writes in this issue of Eurohealth, the migration of health workers has now become a significant feature of the global health policy debate. It has particularly taken on prominence in Europe as the EU expands yet further. It is all too easy to see the international recruitment of health workers as a 'quick fix' short-term solution to the health professional skill shortages that can be observed in some European coun-tries. Why invest scarce resources and many years in training up the domestic workforce, when it is much easier simply to launch overseas recruitment drives and free ride on the training efforts of others? Well this would be fine, if not for the consequences for those 'donor' countries; often low-income countries themselves with severe shortages of health care professionals. Global problems require global solutions, yet it is remarkable that so little is still known about the impact of migration on the effectiveness of health systems in Europe; nor is there any system in place that can accurately measure the stocks and flows of migrant health care workers. This raises all manner of ethical and practical challenges for policy makers. Professor Buchan sets out here some of the potential policy options that the international community may wish to consider in their deliberations, including the greater use of international codes of practice, as well as bilateral agreements. Of course, it is not just health care professionals that continue to migrate across Europe. When does the health status of immigrants become comparable to that of the local population? What steps can be taken to protect both the health of migrants and that of established residents. Again, as Philipa Mladovsky notes, European countries rarely collect health data by ethnicity, making it difficult for policy makers to address some of these issues. Carefully targeted policies would seem merited, given that in many instances first generation migrants may enjoy a better state of health than that experienced by subsequent generations.}, keywords = {Immigrants, Salut}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {book} } Train of thought: migration and health As James Buchan writes in this issue of Eurohealth, the migration of health workers has now become a significant feature of the global health policy debate. It has particularly taken on prominence in Europe as the EU expands yet further. It is all too easy to see the international recruitment of health workers as a 'quick fix' short-term solution to the health professional skill shortages that can be observed in some European coun-tries. Why invest scarce resources and many years in training up the domestic workforce, when it is much easier simply to launch overseas recruitment drives and free ride on the training efforts of others? Well this would be fine, if not for the consequences for those 'donor' countries; often low-income countries themselves with severe shortages of health care professionals. Global problems require global solutions, yet it is remarkable that so little is still known about the impact of migration on the effectiveness of health systems in Europe; nor is there any system in place that can accurately measure the stocks and flows of migrant health care workers. This raises all manner of ethical and practical challenges for policy makers. Professor Buchan sets out here some of the potential policy options that the international community may wish to consider in their deliberations, including the greater use of international codes of practice, as well as bilateral agreements. Of course, it is not just health care professionals that continue to migrate across Europe. When does the health status of immigrants become comparable to that of the local population? What steps can be taken to protect both the health of migrants and that of established residents. Again, as Philipa Mladovsky notes, European countries rarely collect health data by ethnicity, making it difficult for policy makers to address some of these issues. Carefully targeted policies would seem merited, given that in many instances first generation migrants may enjoy a better state of health than that experienced by subsequent generations. |
López Falcón, Diana Educación e inmigración en Cataluña: un estado de la cuestión Artículo de revista Documents d'Anàlisi Geogràfica, 5713 , pp. 551–562, 2011. Resumen | Enlaces | BibTeX | Etiquetas: Educació, Immigrants @article{lopez_falcon_educacion_2011, title = {Educación e inmigración en Cataluña: un estado de la cuestión}, author = {López Falcón, Diana}, url = {http://www.raco.cat/index.php/DocumentsAnalisi/article/view/248441/332565}, year = {2011}, date = {2011-01-01}, journal = {Documents d'Anàlisi Geogràfica}, volume = {5713}, pages = {551--562}, abstract = {Desde el comienzo del siglo xxi, Cataluña ha consolidado su posición como centro de atracción de población extranjera en el sur de Europa. Así, a 1 de enero de 2010 y de acuerdo con los datos preliminares del padrón continuo, la población de nacionalidad extranjera en Cataluña representaba un total de 1.193.283 personas —un 15,9 por ciento de la población total. La entrada masiva de población extranjera en el territorio y el creciente debate respecto a la calidad de la educación han centrado el discurso en los mecanismos de integración y distribución en el sistema escolar de los niños y jóvenes de origen extranjero. El objetivo del presente trabajo es el de llevar a cabo una primera aproximación a la literatura sobre educación e inmigración en Cataluña, diferenciándola según tres temas principales: incorporación en el sistema educativo y rendimiento escolar; segregación escolar, y, finalmente, trayectorias educativas y estudios longitudinales.}, keywords = {Educació, Immigrants}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Desde el comienzo del siglo xxi, Cataluña ha consolidado su posición como centro de atracción de población extranjera en el sur de Europa. Así, a 1 de enero de 2010 y de acuerdo con los datos preliminares del padrón continuo, la población de nacionalidad extranjera en Cataluña representaba un total de 1.193.283 personas —un 15,9 por ciento de la población total. La entrada masiva de población extranjera en el territorio y el creciente debate respecto a la calidad de la educación han centrado el discurso en los mecanismos de integración y distribución en el sistema escolar de los niños y jóvenes de origen extranjero. El objetivo del presente trabajo es el de llevar a cabo una primera aproximación a la literatura sobre educación e inmigración en Cataluña, diferenciándola según tres temas principales: incorporación en el sistema educativo y rendimiento escolar; segregación escolar, y, finalmente, trayectorias educativas y estudios longitudinales. |
2010 |
Nielsen, Signe Smith ; Krasnik, Allan Poorer self-perceived health among migrants and ethnic minorities versus the majority population in Europe: a systematic review Artículo de revista International Journal of Public Health, 55 (5), pp. 357–371, 2010. Enlaces | BibTeX | Etiquetas: Immigrants, Salut @article{nielsen_poorer_2010, title = {Poorer self-perceived health among migrants and ethnic minorities versus the majority population in Europe: a systematic review}, author = {Nielsen, Signe Smith and Krasnik, Allan}, url = {http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00038-010-0145-4}, doi = {10.1007/s00038-010-0145-4}, year = {2010}, date = {2010-01-01}, journal = {International Journal of Public Health}, volume = {55}, number = {5}, pages = {357--371}, keywords = {Immigrants, Salut}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } |
Ruiz-Casares, Mónica ; Rousseau, Cécile ; Derluyn, Ilse ; Watters, Charles ; Crépeau, François Right and access to healthcare for undocumented children: Addressing the gap between international conventions and disparate implementations in North America and Europe Artículo de revista Social Science and Medicine, 70 , pp. 329–336, 2010. Resumen | Enlaces | BibTeX | Etiquetas: Immigrants, Infants, Salut @article{ruiz-casares_right_2010, title = {Right and access to healthcare for undocumented children: Addressing the gap between international conventions and disparate implementations in North America and Europe}, author = {Ruiz-Casares, Mónica and Rousseau, Cécile and Derluyn, Ilse and Watters, Charles and Crépeau, François}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0277953609006893}, doi = {10.1016/j.socscimed.2009.10.013}, year = {2010}, date = {2010-01-01}, journal = {Social Science and Medicine}, volume = {70}, pages = {329--336}, abstract = {Limited access to healthcare for vulnerable immigrant children in Europe and North America is increasingly worrisome as immigration policies harden. This paper analyzes the gap between States' obligations under international human rights law and the disparate local implementations in diverse countries. Studies that are both multidisciplinary and incorporate micro and macro level indicators are needed to reveal discrepancies between entitlements and access. It is argued that the lack of available data on the magnitude of the problem and on its individual and public health consequences stems from the conflicting situation faced by health institutions required to simultaneously protect the best interest of each child and allocate limited resources. Collaboration in research is urgently needed to assist policy-makers and institutions make informed decisions. © 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.}, keywords = {Immigrants, Infants, Salut}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Limited access to healthcare for vulnerable immigrant children in Europe and North America is increasingly worrisome as immigration policies harden. This paper analyzes the gap between States' obligations under international human rights law and the disparate local implementations in diverse countries. Studies that are both multidisciplinary and incorporate micro and macro level indicators are needed to reveal discrepancies between entitlements and access. It is argued that the lack of available data on the magnitude of the problem and on its individual and public health consequences stems from the conflicting situation faced by health institutions required to simultaneously protect the best interest of each child and allocate limited resources. Collaboration in research is urgently needed to assist policy-makers and institutions make informed decisions. © 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. |
2009 |
Regidor, Enrique ; Sanz-Barbero, Belén ; Pascual, Cruz ; Lostao, Lourdes ; Sánchez, Elisabeth ; Díaz Olalla, José Manuel La utilización de los servicios sanitarios por la población inmigrante en España Artículo de revista Gaceta Sanitaria, 23 (Supl 1), pp. 4–11, 2009. Resumen | Enlaces | BibTeX | Etiquetas: Accés Serveis de Salut, Immigrants, Salut @article{regidor_utilizacion_2009, title = {La utilización de los servicios sanitarios por la población inmigrante en España}, author = {Regidor, Enrique and Sanz-Barbero, Belén and Pascual, Cruz and Lostao, Lourdes and Sánchez, Elisabeth and Díaz Olalla, José Manuel}, url = {file:///Users/Roland/Documents/Mendeley export/Gaceta Sanitaria/Regidor et al. - 2009.pdf}, doi = {10.1016/j.gaceta.2009.01.010}, year = {2009}, date = {2009-01-01}, journal = {Gaceta Sanitaria}, volume = {23}, number = {Supl 1}, pages = {4--11}, abstract = {Objective: To compare health services utilization between the immigrant and indigenous populations in Spain. Methods: We used information provided by the following four health surveys carried out around 2005: Catalonia 2005; city of Madrid 2005, Canary Islands 2004 and the Autonomous Community of Valencia 2005. The health services studied were general practice, specialist services, emergency services, hospitalization, and two preventive services: pap smear test and mammography. Results: In general, most health services were less frequently used by the immigrant population than by the Spanish population. The health services showing the least differences between the two populations were general practice and hospitalization, while the greatest differences were found in the use of specialist and preventive services. The most heterogeneous results were found in general practice and hospitalization, since some immigrant groups showed a relatively high frequency of use in some geographical areas and a relatively low frequency in other areas. Conclusion: The results of the present study reproduce those found in other studies carried out in countries with similar social and economic characteristics to Spain. Like previous results, the present results are difficult to explain. Future research should aim to use other study designs and to test hypotheses not put forward by the scientific community to date. © 2008 SESPAS.}, keywords = {Accés Serveis de Salut, Immigrants, Salut}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Objective: To compare health services utilization between the immigrant and indigenous populations in Spain. Methods: We used information provided by the following four health surveys carried out around 2005: Catalonia 2005; city of Madrid 2005, Canary Islands 2004 and the Autonomous Community of Valencia 2005. The health services studied were general practice, specialist services, emergency services, hospitalization, and two preventive services: pap smear test and mammography. Results: In general, most health services were less frequently used by the immigrant population than by the Spanish population. The health services showing the least differences between the two populations were general practice and hospitalization, while the greatest differences were found in the use of specialist and preventive services. The most heterogeneous results were found in general practice and hospitalization, since some immigrant groups showed a relatively high frequency of use in some geographical areas and a relatively low frequency in other areas. Conclusion: The results of the present study reproduce those found in other studies carried out in countries with similar social and economic characteristics to Spain. Like previous results, the present results are difficult to explain. Future research should aim to use other study designs and to test hypotheses not put forward by the scientific community to date. © 2008 SESPAS. |
Agudelo-Suárez, Andrés A; Ronda-Pérez, Elena ; Gil-González, Diana ; Vives-Cases, Carmen ; García, Ana M; García-Benavides, Fernando ; Ruiz-Frutos, Carlos ; López-Jacob, José M; Porthé, Victoria ; Sousa, Emily Proceso migratorio, condiciones laborales y salud en trabajadores inmigrantes en España (proyecto ITSAL) Artículo de revista Gaceta Sanitaria, 23 , pp. 115–121, 2009, ISSN: 02139111. Enlaces | BibTeX | Etiquetas: Immigrants, Salut, Treball @article{agudelo-suarez_proceso_2009, title = {Proceso migratorio, condiciones laborales y salud en trabajadores inmigrantes en España (proyecto ITSAL)}, author = {Agudelo-Suárez, Andrés A. and Ronda-Pérez, Elena and Gil-González, Diana and Vives-Cases, Carmen and García, Ana M. and García-Benavides, Fernando and Ruiz-Frutos, Carlos and López-Jacob, M. José and Porthé, Victoria and Sousa, Emily}, url = {http://www.gacetasanitaria.org/es/proceso-migratorio-condiciones-laborales-salud/articulo/S0213911109003185/}, doi = {10.1016/j.gaceta.2009.07.007}, issn = {02139111}, year = {2009}, date = {2009-01-01}, journal = {Gaceta Sanitaria}, volume = {23}, pages = {115--121}, keywords = {Immigrants, Salut, Treball}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } |
1990 |
ONU, Convención internacional sobre la protección de los derechos de todos los trabajadores migratorios Miscelánea 1990. Enlaces | BibTeX | Etiquetas: Convencions, Immigrants, Organismes Internacionals @misc{onu_convencion_1990, title = {Convención internacional sobre la protección de los derechos de todos los trabajadores migratorios}, author = {ONU}, url = {http://www.ohchr.org/SP/ProfessionalInterest/Pages/CMW.aspx}, year = {1990}, date = {1990-01-01}, urldate = {2017-09-04}, keywords = {Convencions, Immigrants, Organismes Internacionals}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {misc} } |