Documentació | Càtedra Desigualtats Socials

@article{gea-sanchez_conflictos_2016,
title = {Conflictos entre la ética enfermera y la legislación sanitaria en España},
author = {Gea-Sánchez, Montserrat and Terés-Vidal, Lourdes and Briones-Vozmediano, Erica and Molina, Fidel and Gastaldo, Denise and Otero-Garc?a, Laura},
url = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0213911116000236},
doi = {10.1016/j.gaceta.2016.02.005},
issn = {02139111},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {Gaceta Sanitaria},
volume = {30},
number = {3},
pages = {178--183},
abstract = {Objetivo. Evidenciar los conflictos éticos que pueden surgir entre los discursos legal y ético, a través de explorar el contenido del Real Decreto-Ley 16/2012 que modifica la ley sanitaria en España y los códigos éticos. Método. Revisión y análisis crítico del discurso de cinco códigos éticos de Enfermería de Barcelona, Cataluña, España, Europa e Internacional, y del discurso de la legislación sanitaria vigente en España en 2013, en los que se identificaron y compararon estructuras lingüísticas referentes a cinco principios y valores éticos del marco teórico de la ética de los cuidados: equidad, derechos humanos, derecho a la salud, accesibilidad y continuidad de los cuidados. Resultados. Mientras que el discurso ético define la función enfermera en función de la equidad, el reconocimiento de los derechos humanos, el derecho a la salud, la accesibilidad y la continuidad de los cuidados de la persona, el discurso legal se vertebra sobre el concepto de beneficiario o asegurado. Conclusiones. La divergencia entre el discurso ético y legal puede producir conflictos éticos que afecten negativamente a la práctica de la profesión enfermera. La aplicación del RDL 16/2012 promueve un marco de acción que impide que los profesionales enfermeros presten sus cuidados a colectivos no asegurados, lo que atenta contra los derechos humanos y los principios de la ética de los cuidados.},
keywords = {Salut},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}

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Cimas, Marta ; Gullon, Pedro ; Aguilera, Eva ; Meyer, Stefan ; Freire, José Manuel ; Perez-Gomez, Beatriz

Healthcare coverage for undocumented migrants in Spain: Regional differences after Royal Decree Law 16/2012 Artículo de revista

Health Policy, 120 (4), pp. 384–395, 2016, ISSN: 01688510.

Resumen | Enlaces | BibTeX | Etiquetas: Accés Serveis de Salut, Immigrants, Salut

@article{cimas_healthcare_2016,
title = {Healthcare coverage for undocumented migrants in Spain: Regional differences after Royal Decree Law 16/2012},
author = {Cimas, Marta and Gullon, Pedro and Aguilera, Eva and Meyer, Stefan and Freire, José Manuel and Perez-Gomez, Beatriz},
url = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0168851016300239},
doi = {10.1016/j.healthpol.2016.02.005},
issn = {01688510},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {Health Policy},
volume = {120},
number = {4},
pages = {384--395},
abstract = {The economic crisis has prompted the debate on how to regulate health coverage of undocumented migrants in publicly funded healthcare systems. Spain, as one of the most heavily affected countries in Europe, can be considered a case of particular interest. In 2012 the Spanish Government issued a Royal Decree Law (RDL 16/2012) which revoked their previous full right to public healthcare coverage, now limited for some exceptions. However, the Spanish National Health System is highly decentralized, and this Central Government decree had to be implemented by the Regional Health Authorities. Our aim is to compare regional policies regarding entitlement to healthcare for undocumented migrants after RDL 16/2012 in the 17 Autonomous Regions by performing an exhaustive review of the regional health policy regulations published after the enactment of RDL 16/2012. Our analysis shows that many Regions adopted legal, legislative and administrative actions to void or limit its effects, while others applied it as intended, resulting in huge differences in healthcare coverage for irregular migrants among Spanish Regions. The unequal implementation of this Law constitutes a paradigmatic example of the complexity of nation-wide regulation of controversial key issues in decentralized health systems. In addition, our results highlight that within-country differences in access and/or entitlement can be as relevant as those reported among-country when there is healthcare decentralization.},
keywords = {Accés Serveis de Salut, Immigrants, Salut},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}

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Benach, J; Vives, A; Tarafa, G; Delclos, C; Muntaner, C

What should we know about precarious employment and health in 2025? Framing the agenda for the next decade of research Artículo de revista

International Journal of Epidemiology, 45 (1), 2016.

Resumen | Enlaces | BibTeX | Etiquetas: Salut, Treball

@article{Benach2016,
title = {What should we know about precarious employment and health in 2025? Framing the agenda for the next decade of research},
author = {Benach, J. and Vives, A. and Tarafa, G. and Delclos, C. and Muntaner, C.},
url = {https://academic.oup.com/ije/article/45/1/232/2363833/What-should-we-know-about-precarious-employment},
doi = {10.1093/ije/dyv342},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {International Journal of Epidemiology},
volume = {45},
number = {1},
abstract = {textcopyright The Author 2016.The generalization of flexible labour markets, the declining influence of unions and the degradation of social protection has led to the emergence of new forms of employment at the expense of the Standard Employment Relationship, as well as a considerable amount of research across social and scientific disciplines. Years ago we suggested the urgent need to disentangle the consequences of new types of employment for the health and well-being of workers, contending that the study of precarious employment and health is in its infancy. Today, research challenges include clearer,more precise definitions of the original concepts, a more detailed understanding of the pathways and mechanisms through which precarious employment harms worker health, stronger information systems for monitoring the problem and a complex systems approach to employment conditions and health research. All of these must be guided by the theoretical and policy debates linking precarious employment and health, and be geared towards developing better tools for the design, implementation and evaluation of policies intended to minimize precariousness in the labour market and its effects on public health and health inequalities. Our aim in this paper is to outline an agenda for the next decade of research on precarious employment and health, establishing a compelling programme that expands our understanding of complex causes and links.},
keywords = {Salut, Treball},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}

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Regidor, Enrique; Vallejo, Fernando; Granados, José A.Tapia; Viciana-Fernández, Francisco J; de la Fuente, Luis; Barrio, Gregorio

Mortality decrease according to socioeconomic groups during the economic crisis in Spain: a cohort study of 36 million people Artículo de revista

The Lancet, 388 (10060), 2016, ISSN: 1474547X.

Resumen | Enlaces | BibTeX | Etiquetas: Crisi Econòmica, Espanya, Salut

@article{regidor_mortality_2016,
title = {Mortality decrease according to socioeconomic groups during the economic crisis in Spain: a cohort study of 36 million people},
author = {Enrique Regidor and Fernando Vallejo and José A.Tapia Granados and Francisco J Viciana-Fernández and Luis de la Fuente and Gregorio Barrio},
doi = {10.1016/S0140-6736(16)30446-9},
issn = {1474547X},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {The Lancet},
volume = {388},
number = {10060},
abstract = {Background Studies of the effect of macroeconomic fluctuations on mortality in different socioeconomic groups are scarce and have yielded mixed findings. We analyse mortality trends in Spain before and during the Great Recession in different socioeconomic groups, quantifying the change within each group. Methods We did a nationwide prospective study, in which we took data from the 2001 Census. All people living in Spain on Nov 1, 2001, were followed up until Dec 31, 2011. We included 35 951 354 people alive in 2001 who were aged between 10 and 74 years in each one of the four calendar years before the economic crisis (from 2004 to 2007) and in each one of the first four calendar years of the crisis (from 2008 to 2011), and analysed all-cause and cause-specific mortality in those people. We classified individuals by socioeconomic status (low, medium, or high) using two indicators of household wealth: household floor space (textbackslashtextless72 m2, 72–104 m2, and textbackslashtextgreater104 m2) and number of cars owned by the residents of the household (none, one, and two or more). We used Poisson regression to calculate the annual percentage reduction (APR) in mortality rates during 2004–07 (pre-crisis) and 2008–11 (crisis) in each socioeconomic group, as well as the effect size, measured by the APR difference between the pre-crisis and crisis period. Findings The annual decline in all-cause mortality in the three socioeconomic groups was 1·7% (95% CI 1·2 to 2·1) for the low group, 1·7% (1·3 to 2·1) for the medium group, and 2·0% (1·4 to 2·5) for the high group in 2004–07, and 3·0% (2·5 to 3·5) for the low group, 2·8% (2·5 to 3·2) for the medium group, and 2·1% (1·6 to 2·7) for the high group in 2008–11 when individuals were classified by household floor space. The annual decline in all-cause mortality when people were classified by number of cars owned by the household was 0·3% (–0·1 to 0·8) for the low group, 1·6% (1·2 to 2·0) for the medium group, and 2·2% (1·6 to 2·8) for the high group in 2004–07, and 2·3% (1·8 to 2·8) for the low group, 2·4% (2·0 to 2·7) for the medium group and 2·5% (1·9 to 3·0) for the high group in 2008–11. The low socioeconomic group showed the largest effect size for both wealth indicators. Interpretation In Spain, probably due to the decrease in exposure to risk factors, all-cause mortality decreased more during the economic crisis than before the economic crisis, especially in low socioeconomic groups. Funding None.},
keywords = {Crisi Econòmica, Espanya, Salut},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}

Cerrar

Background Studies of the effect of macroeconomic fluctuations on mortality in different socioeconomic groups are scarce and have yielded mixed findings. We analyse mortality trends in Spain before and during the Great Recession in different socioeconomic groups, quantifying the change within each group. Methods We did a nationwide prospective study, in which we took data from the 2001 Census. All people living in Spain on Nov 1, 2001, were followed up until Dec 31, 2011. We included 35 951 354 people alive in 2001 who were aged between 10 and 74 years in each one of the four calendar years before the economic crisis (from 2004 to 2007) and in each one of the first four calendar years of the crisis (from 2008 to 2011), and analysed all-cause and cause-specific mortality in those people. We classified individuals by socioeconomic status (low, medium, or high) using two indicators of household wealth: household floor space (textbackslashtextless72 m2, 72–104 m2, and textbackslashtextgreater104 m2) and number of cars owned by the residents of the household (none, one, and two or more). We used Poisson regression to calculate the annual percentage reduction (APR) in mortality rates during 2004–07 (pre-crisis) and 2008–11 (crisis) in each socioeconomic group, as well as the effect size, measured by the APR difference between the pre-crisis and crisis period. Findings The annual decline in all-cause mortality in the three socioeconomic groups was 1·7% (95% CI 1·2 to 2·1) for the low group, 1·7% (1·3 to 2·1) for the medium group, and 2·0% (1·4 to 2·5) for the high group in 2004–07, and 3·0% (2·5 to 3·5) for the low group, 2·8% (2·5 to 3·2) for the medium group, and 2·1% (1·6 to 2·7) for the high group in 2008–11 when individuals were classified by household floor space. The annual decline in all-cause mortality when people were classified by number of cars owned by the household was 0·3% (–0·1 to 0·8) for the low group, 1·6% (1·2 to 2·0) for the medium group, and 2·2% (1·6 to 2·8) for the high group in 2004–07, and 2·3% (1·8 to 2·8) for the low group, 2·4% (2·0 to 2·7) for the medium group and 2·5% (1·9 to 3·0) for the high group in 2008–11. The low socioeconomic group showed the largest effect size for both wealth indicators. Interpretation In Spain, probably due to the decrease in exposure to risk factors, all-cause mortality decreased more during the economic crisis than before the economic crisis, especially in low socioeconomic groups. Funding None.

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Aerden, Karen Van; Puig-Barrachina, Vanessa; Bosmans, Kim; Vanroelen, Christophe

How does employment quality relate to health and job satisfaction in Europe? A typological approach Artículo de revista

Social Science and Medicine, 158 , 2016, ISSN: 18735347.

Resumen | Enlaces | BibTeX | Etiquetas: Salut, Treball

@article{van_aerden_how_2016,
title = {How does employment quality relate to health and job satisfaction in Europe? A typological approach},
author = {Karen Van Aerden and Vanessa Puig-Barrachina and Kim Bosmans and Christophe Vanroelen},
doi = {10.1016/j.socscimed.2016.04.017},
issn = {18735347},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {Social Science and Medicine},
volume = {158},
abstract = {The changing nature of employment in recent decades, due to an increased emphasis on flexibility and competitiveness in European labour markets, compels the need to assess the consequences of contemporary employment situations for workers. This article aims to study the relation between the quality of employment and the health and well-being of European workers, using data from the 2010 European Working Conditions Survey. A typology of employment arrangements, mapping out employment quality in the European labour force, is constructed by means of a Latent Class Cluster Analysis. This innovative approach shows that it is possible to condense multiple factors characterising the employment situation into five job types: Standard Employment Relationship-like (SER-like), instrumental, precarious unsustainable, precarious intensive and portfolio jobs. Binary logistic regression analyses show that, controlling for other work quality characteristics, this employment quality typology is related to self-perceived job satisfaction, general health and mental health. Precarious intensive jobs are associated with the worst and SER-like jobs with the best health and well-being situation. The findings presented in this study indicate that, among European wage workers, flexible and de-standardised employment tends to be related to lower job satisfaction, general health and mental health. The quality of employment is thus identified as an important social determinant of health (inequalities) in Europe.},
keywords = {Salut, Treball},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}

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Vásquez-Vera, Hugo; Rodríguez-Sanz, Maica; Palència, Laia; Borrell, Carme

Foreclosure and Health in Southern Europe: Results from the Platform for People Affected by Mortgages Artículo de revista

Journal of Urban Health, 93 (2), pp. 312–330, 2016, ISSN: 1099-3460.

Resumen | Enlaces | BibTeX | Etiquetas: Habitatge, Salut

@article{vasquez-vera_foreclosure_2016,
title = {Foreclosure and Health in Southern Europe: Results from the Platform for People Affected by Mortgages},
author = {Hugo Vásquez-Vera and Maica Rodríguez-Sanz and Laia Palència and Carme Borrell},
url = {http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s11524-016-0030-4},
doi = {10.1007/s11524-016-0030-4},
issn = {1099-3460},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Urban Health},
volume = {93},
number = {2},
pages = {312--330},
abstract = {Housing instability has been shown to be related to poorer health outcomes in various studies, mainly in the USA and UK. Affected individuals are more prone to psychiatric (e.g., major depression, anxiety) and physical disorders (e.g., hypertension). This situation has deteriorated with the onset of the economic crisis. One of the most affected countries is Spain, which has high rates of foreclosure and eviction that continue to rise. In response, a civil movement, The Platform for People Affected by Mortgages (PAH), works to provide solutions to its members affected by foreclosure and advocates for the right to decent housing. The aims of this study ware to describe and compare the health status of PAH members from Catalonia to a sample of the general population and to analyze the association between health status and mortgage status, foreclosure stage, and other socioeconomic variables, among members of the PAH. We conducted a cross-sectional study using a self-administered online questionnaire (2014) administered to 905 PAH members in Catalonia (textbackslashtextgreater18 years; 559 women and 346 men). Results were compared with health indicators from The Health Survey of Catalonia 2013 (n = 4830). The dependent variables were poor mental health (GHQ 12 ≥ 3), and poor self-reported health (fair or poor). All analyses were stratified by sex. We computed age-standardized prevalence and prevalence ratios of poor mental and self-reported health in both samples. We also analyzed health outcomes among PAH members according to mortgage status (mortgage holders or guarantors), stage of foreclosure, and other socioeconomic variables by computing prevalence ratios from robust Poisson regression models. The prevalence of poor mental health among PAH members was 90.6 % in women and 84.4 % in men, and 15.5 and 10.2 % in the general population, respectively. The prevalence of poor self-reported health was 55.6 % in women and 39.4 % in men from the PAH, and 19.2 and 16.1 % in the general population, respectively. These health inequalities were independent of socioeconomic status. The prevalence of poor mental health was higher among individuals in the non-payment stage of foreclosure than among those who were up to date with their payments (e.g.},
keywords = {Habitatge, Salut},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}

Cerrar

Housing instability has been shown to be related to poorer health outcomes in various studies, mainly in the USA and UK. Affected individuals are more prone to psychiatric (e.g., major depression, anxiety) and physical disorders (e.g., hypertension). This situation has deteriorated with the onset of the economic crisis. One of the most affected countries is Spain, which has high rates of foreclosure and eviction that continue to rise. In response, a civil movement, The Platform for People Affected by Mortgages (PAH), works to provide solutions to its members affected by foreclosure and advocates for the right to decent housing. The aims of this study ware to describe and compare the health status of PAH members from Catalonia to a sample of the general population and to analyze the association between health status and mortgage status, foreclosure stage, and other socioeconomic variables, among members of the PAH. We conducted a cross-sectional study using a self-administered online questionnaire (2014) administered to 905 PAH members in Catalonia (textbackslashtextgreater18 years; 559 women and 346 men). Results were compared with health indicators from The Health Survey of Catalonia 2013 (n = 4830). The dependent variables were poor mental health (GHQ 12 ≥ 3), and poor self-reported health (fair or poor). All analyses were stratified by sex. We computed age-standardized prevalence and prevalence ratios of poor mental and self-reported health in both samples. We also analyzed health outcomes among PAH members according to mortgage status (mortgage holders or guarantors), stage of foreclosure, and other socioeconomic variables by computing prevalence ratios from robust Poisson regression models. The prevalence of poor mental health among PAH members was 90.6 % in women and 84.4 % in men, and 15.5 and 10.2 % in the general population, respectively. The prevalence of poor self-reported health was 55.6 % in women and 39.4 % in men from the PAH, and 19.2 and 16.1 % in the general population, respectively. These health inequalities were independent of socioeconomic status. The prevalence of poor mental health was higher among individuals in the non-payment stage of foreclosure than among those who were up to date with their payments (e.g.

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Maynou, Laia; Saez, Marc; Lopez-Casasnovas, Guillem

Has the economic crisis widened the intraurban socioeconomic inequalities in mortality? The case of Barcelona, Spain Artículo de revista

Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health, 70 (2), pp. 114–124, 2016, ISSN: 0143-005X.

Enlaces | BibTeX | Etiquetas: Afers Socials, Catalunya, Crisi Econòmica, Salut

Suphanchaimat, Rapeepong ; Kantamaturapoj, Kanang ; Putthasri, Weerasak ; Prakongsai, Phusit

Challenges in the provision of healthcare services for migrants: a systematic review through providers' lens Artículo de revista

BMC Health Services Research, 15 (1), pp. 390, 2015.

Resumen | Enlaces | BibTeX | Etiquetas: Accés Serveis de Salut, Salut

@article{suphanchaimat_challenges_2015,
title = {Challenges in the provision of healthcare services for migrants: a systematic review through providers' lens},
author = {Suphanchaimat, Rapeepong and Kantamaturapoj, Kanang and Putthasri, Weerasak and Prakongsai, Phusit},
url = {http://www.biomedcentral.com/1472-6963/15/390},
doi = {10.1186/s12913-015-1065-z},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {BMC Health Services Research},
volume = {15},
number = {1},
pages = {390},
abstract = {Background
In recent years, cross-border migration has gained significant attention in high-level policy dialogues in numerous countries. While there exists some literature describing the health status of migrants, and exploring migrants’ perceptions of service utilisation in receiving countries, there is still little evidence that examines the issue of health services for migrants through the lens of providers. This study therefore aims to systematically review the latest literature, which investigated perceptions and attitudes of healthcare providers in managing care for migrants, as well as examining the challenges and barriers faced in their practices.

Methods
A systematic review was performed by gathering evidence from three main online databases: Medline, Embase and Scopus, plus a purposive search from the World Health Organization’s website and grey literature sources. The articles, published in English since 2000, were reviewed according to the following topics: (1) how healthcare providers interacted with individual migrant patients, (2) how workplace factors shaped services for migrants, and (3) how the external environment, specifically laws and professional norms influenced their practices. Key message of the articles were analysed by thematic analysis.

Results
Thirty seven articles were recruited for the final review. Key findings of the selected articles were synthesised and presented in the data extraction form. Quality of retrieved articles varied substantially. Almost all the selected articles had congruent findings regarding language andcultural challenges, and a lack of knowledge of a host country's health system amongst migrant patients. Most respondents expressed concerns over in-house constraints resulting from heavy workloads and the inadequacy of human resources. Professional norms strongly influenced the behaviours and attitudes of healthcare providers despite conflicting with laws that limited right to health services access for illegal migrants.

Discussion
The perceptions, attitudes and practices of practitioners in the provision of healthcare services for migrants were mainly influenced by: (1) diverse cultural beliefs and language differences, (2) limited institutional capacity, in terms of time and/or resource constraints, (3) the contradiction between professional ethics and laws that limited migrants’ right to health care. Nevertheless, healthcare providers addressedsuch problems by partially ignoring the immigrants’precarious legal status, and using numerous tactics, including seeking help from civil society groups, to support their clinical practice.

Conclusion
It was evident that healthcare providers faced several challenges in managing care for migrants, which included not only language and cultural barriers, but also resource constraints within their workplaces, and disharmony between the law and their professional norms. Further studies, which explore health care management for migrants in countries with different health insurance models, are recommended.},
keywords = {Accés Serveis de Salut, Salut},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}

Cerrar

Background
In recent years, cross-border migration has gained significant attention in high-level policy dialogues in numerous countries. While there exists some literature describing the health status of migrants, and exploring migrants’ perceptions of service utilisation in receiving countries, there is still little evidence that examines the issue of health services for migrants through the lens of providers. This study therefore aims to systematically review the latest literature, which investigated perceptions and attitudes of healthcare providers in managing care for migrants, as well as examining the challenges and barriers faced in their practices.

Methods
A systematic review was performed by gathering evidence from three main online databases: Medline, Embase and Scopus, plus a purposive search from the World Health Organization’s website and grey literature sources. The articles, published in English since 2000, were reviewed according to the following topics: (1) how healthcare providers interacted with individual migrant patients, (2) how workplace factors shaped services for migrants, and (3) how the external environment, specifically laws and professional norms influenced their practices. Key message of the articles were analysed by thematic analysis.

Results
Thirty seven articles were recruited for the final review. Key findings of the selected articles were synthesised and presented in the data extraction form. Quality of retrieved articles varied substantially. Almost all the selected articles had congruent findings regarding language andcultural challenges, and a lack of knowledge of a host country's health system amongst migrant patients. Most respondents expressed concerns over in-house constraints resulting from heavy workloads and the inadequacy of human resources. Professional norms strongly influenced the behaviours and attitudes of healthcare providers despite conflicting with laws that limited right to health services access for illegal migrants.

Discussion
The perceptions, attitudes and practices of practitioners in the provision of healthcare services for migrants were mainly influenced by: (1) diverse cultural beliefs and language differences, (2) limited institutional capacity, in terms of time and/or resource constraints, (3) the contradiction between professional ethics and laws that limited migrants’ right to health care. Nevertheless, healthcare providers addressedsuch problems by partially ignoring the immigrants’precarious legal status, and using numerous tactics, including seeking help from civil society groups, to support their clinical practice.

Conclusion
It was evident that healthcare providers faced several challenges in managing care for migrants, which included not only language and cultural barriers, but also resource constraints within their workplaces, and disharmony between the law and their professional norms. Further studies, which explore health care management for migrants in countries with different health insurance models, are recommended.

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Gil-González, Diana ; Carrasco-Portiño, Mercedes ; Vives-Cases, Carmen ; Agudelo-Suárez, Andrés A; Castejón Bolea, Ramón ; Ronda-Pérez, Elena

Is health a right for all? An umbrella review of the barriers to health care access faced by migrants. Artículo de revista

Ethnicity & health, 20 (5), pp. 523–41, 2015, ISSN: 1465-3419.

Resumen | Enlaces | BibTeX | Etiquetas: Accés Serveis de Salut, Salut

@article{gil-gonzalez_is_2015,
title = {Is health a right for all? An umbrella review of the barriers to health care access faced by migrants.},
author = {Gil-González, Diana and Carrasco-Portiño, Mercedes and Vives-Cases, Carmen and Agudelo-Suárez, Andrés A. and Castejón Bolea, Ramón and Ronda-Pérez, Elena},
url = {http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/13557858.2014.946473 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25117877},
doi = {10.1080/13557858.2014.946473},
issn = {1465-3419},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Ethnicity & health},
volume = {20},
number = {5},
pages = {523--41},
abstract = {OBJECTIVE To synthesise the scientific evidence concerning barriers to health care access faced by migrants. We sought to critically analyse this evidence with a view to guiding policies. DESIGN A systematic review methodology was used to identify systematic and scoping reviews which quantitatively or qualitatively analysed data from primary studies. The main variables analysed were structural and contextual barriers (health system organisation) as well as individual (patients and providers). The quality of evidence from the systematic reviews was critically appraised. From 2674 reviews, 79 were retained for further scrutiny, and finally 9 met the inclusion criteria. RESULTS The structural barriers identified were the lack of health insurance and the high cost of drugs (non-universal health system) and organisational aspects of health system (social insurance system and national health system). The individual barriers were linguistic and cultural. None of the reviews provided a quality appraisal of the studies. CONCLUSIONS Barriers to health care for migrants range from entitlement in non-universal health systems to accessibility in universal ones, and determinants of access to the respective health services should be analysed within the corresponding national context. Generate social and institutional changes that eliminate barriers to access to health services is essential to ensure health for all.},
keywords = {Accés Serveis de Salut, Salut},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}

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Vázquez, María Luisa ; Vargas, Ingrid ; Jaramillo, Daniel López ; Porthé, Victoria ; López-Fernández, Luis Andrés ; Vargas, Hernán ; Bosch, Lola ; S-Hernández, Silvia ; Azarola, Ainhoa Ruiz

Was access to health care easy for immigrants in Spain? The perspectives of health personnel in Catalonia and Andalusia Artículo de revista

2015, ISBN: 0168-8510.

Resumen | Enlaces | BibTeX | Etiquetas: Accés Serveis de Salut, Immigrants, Salut

@article{vazquez_was_2015,
title = {Was access to health care easy for immigrants in Spain? The perspectives of health personnel in Catalonia and Andalusia},
author = {Vázquez, María Luisa and Vargas, Ingrid and Jaramillo, Daniel López and Porthé, Victoria and López-Fernández, Luis Andrés and Vargas, Hernán and Bosch, Lola and S-Hernández, Silvia and Azarola, Ainhoa Ruiz},
url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0168851016000257?via%3Dihub},
doi = {10.1016/j.healthpol.2016.01.011},
isbn = {0168-8510},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
abstract = {Until April 2012, all Spanish citizens were entitled to health care and policies had been developed at national and regional level to remove potential barriers of access, however, evidence suggested problems of access for immigrants. In order to identify factors affecting immigrants' access to health care, we conducted a qualitative study based on individual interviews with healthcare managers (n = 27) and professionals (n = 65) in Catalonia and Andalusia, before the policy change that restricted access for some groups. A thematic analysis was carried out. Health professionals considered access to health care "easy" for immigrants and similar to access for autochthons in both regions. Clear barriers were identified to enter the health system (in obtaining the health card) and in using services, indicating a mismatch between the characteristics of services and those of immigrants. Results did not differ among regions, except for in Catalonia, where access to care was considered harder for users without a health card, due to the fees charged, and in general, because of the distance to primary health care in rural areas. In conclusion, despite the universal coverage granted by the Spanish healthcare system and developed health policies, a number of barriers in access emerged that would require implementing the existing policies. However, the measures taken in the context of the economic crisis are pointing in the opposite direction, towards maintaining or increasing barriers.},
keywords = {Accés Serveis de Salut, Immigrants, Salut},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}

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Gea-Sánchez, Montserrat

The Law of the State against the Law of Nurses: a study on the access to and utilization of health and social services by undocumented immigrant women in Spain Tesis doctoral

Universitat de Lleida, 2015.

Resumen | Enlaces | BibTeX | Etiquetas: Desigualtats de Génere, Immigrants, Salut

SOPHIE Project,

Conclusions of the SOPHIE Project Social. Social and economic policies matter for health equity. Informe técnico

Barcelona, 2015.

Enlaces | BibTeX | Etiquetas: Economia, Salut

Moncho, J; Pereyra-Zamora, P; Nolasco, A; Tamayo-Fonseca, N; Melchor, I; Macia, L

Trends and Disparities in Mortality Among Spanish-Born and Foreign-Born Populations Residing in Spain, 1999–2008 Artículo de revista

Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health, 17 (5), pp. 1374–1384, 2015, ISSN: 1557-1912.

Resumen | Enlaces | BibTeX | Etiquetas: Espanya, Immigrants, Salut

@article{moncho_trends_2015,
title = {Trends and Disparities in Mortality Among Spanish-Born and Foreign-Born Populations Residing in Spain, 1999–2008},
author = {J Moncho and P Pereyra-Zamora and A Nolasco and N Tamayo-Fonseca and I Melchor and L Macia},
url = {http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10903-014-0081-0},
doi = {10.1007/s10903-014-0081-0},
issn = {1557-1912},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health},
volume = {17},
number = {5},
pages = {1374--1384},
abstract = {Spain's immigrant population has increased 380 % in the last decade, accounting for 13.1 % of the total population. This fact has led her to become during 2009 the eighth recipient country of international immigrants in the world. The aim of this article is to describe the evolution of mortality and the main causes of death among the Spanish-born and foreign-born populations residing in Spain between 1999 and 2008. Age-standardised mortality rates (ASRs), average age and comparative mortality ratios among foreign-born and Spanish-born populations residing in Spain were computed for every year and sub-period by sex, cause of death and place of birth as well as by the ASR percentage change. During 1999–2008 the ASR showed a progressive decrease in the risk of death in the Spanish-born population (−17.8 % for men and −16.6 % for women) as well as in the foreign-born one (−45.9 % for men and −35.7 % for women). ASR also showed a progressive decrease for practically all the causes of death, in both populations. It has been observed that the risk of death due to neoplasms and respiratory diseases among immigrants is lower than that of their Spanish-born counterparts, but risk due to external causes is higher. Places of birth with the greater decreases are Northern Europe, Eastern Europe, Western Europe, Southern Europe, and Latin America and the Caribbean. The research shows the differences in the reduction of death risk between Spanish-born and immigrant inhabitants between 1999 and 2008. These results could contribute to the ability of central and local governments to create effective health policy. Further research is necessary to examine changes in mortality trends among immigrant populations as a consequence of the economic crisis and the reforms in the Spanish health system. Spanish data sources should incorporate into their records information that enables them to find out the immigrant duration of permanence and the possible impact of this on mortality indicators.},
keywords = {Espanya, Immigrants, Salut},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}

Cerrar

Spain's immigrant population has increased 380 % in the last decade, accounting for 13.1 % of the total population. This fact has led her to become during 2009 the eighth recipient country of international immigrants in the world. The aim of this article is to describe the evolution of mortality and the main causes of death among the Spanish-born and foreign-born populations residing in Spain between 1999 and 2008. Age-standardised mortality rates (ASRs), average age and comparative mortality ratios among foreign-born and Spanish-born populations residing in Spain were computed for every year and sub-period by sex, cause of death and place of birth as well as by the ASR percentage change. During 1999–2008 the ASR showed a progressive decrease in the risk of death in the Spanish-born population (−17.8 % for men and −16.6 % for women) as well as in the foreign-born one (−45.9 % for men and −35.7 % for women). ASR also showed a progressive decrease for practically all the causes of death, in both populations. It has been observed that the risk of death due to neoplasms and respiratory diseases among immigrants is lower than that of their Spanish-born counterparts, but risk due to external causes is higher. Places of birth with the greater decreases are Northern Europe, Eastern Europe, Western Europe, Southern Europe, and Latin America and the Caribbean. The research shows the differences in the reduction of death risk between Spanish-born and immigrant inhabitants between 1999 and 2008. These results could contribute to the ability of central and local governments to create effective health policy. Further research is necessary to examine changes in mortality trends among immigrant populations as a consequence of the economic crisis and the reforms in the Spanish health system. Spanish data sources should incorporate into their records information that enables them to find out the immigrant duration of permanence and the possible impact of this on mortality indicators.

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Kim, Tae Jun; von dem Knesebeck, Olaf

Is an insecure job better for health than having no job at all? A systematic review of studies investigating the health-related risks of both job insecurity and unemployment Artículo de revista

BMC Public Health, 15 (1), pp. 985, 2015, ISSN: 1471-2458.

Resumen | Enlaces | BibTeX | Etiquetas: Salut, Treball

@article{kim_is_2015,
title = {Is an insecure job better for health than having no job at all? A systematic review of studies investigating the health-related risks of both job insecurity and unemployment},
author = {Tae Jun Kim and Olaf von dem Knesebeck},
url = {http://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12889-015-2313-1},
doi = {10.1186/s12889-015-2313-1},
issn = {1471-2458},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {BMC Public Health},
volume = {15},
number = {1},
pages = {985},
abstract = {BACKGROUND Though previous research repeatedly found that being employed is better for health than having no job at all, evidence suggests that employment is not always beneficial for health. With especially job insecurity reflecting a contemporary health risk for the employed, a systematic review was performed to assess if insecure employment can be as detrimental for health as unemployment, and to determine whether these associations vary according to different health measures and among men and women. METHODS The literature search was conducted in the databases Medline, Embase and PsychInfo. In order to allow a more accurate comparison between the two risk factors, studies were included if the data for job insecurity and unemployment was ascertained from the same sample, and contained a quantitative analysis for both exposures towards one (or more) health outcome(s). RESULTS Out of 375 articles, in total, 13 studies were included in the systematic review. In 24 analyses contrasting the health-related associations between job insecurity and unemployment, 16 statistically significant associations were found for each exposure. According to the different health outcomes used, job insecurity and unemployment were strongly related to mental health, whereas job insecurity was more strongly associated with somatic symptoms. Unemployment showed stronger relations with worse general health and mortality. In 4 out of 16 gender-stratified analyses, significant associations between job insecurity/unemployment and health were found for men but not for women. Beyond that, associations were significant or insignificant in both gender groups. CONCLUSIONS Though there were moderate differences across the health outcomes, overall, it was found that job insecurity can pose a comparable threat to health than unemployment. Policy interventions should therefore not only consider health risks posed by unemployment, but should also aim at the reduction of insecure employment.},
keywords = {Salut, Treball},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}

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Urbanos-Garrido, Rosa M; Lopez-Valcarcel, Beatriz G

The influence of the economic crisis on the association between unemployment and health: an empirical analysis for Spain Artículo de revista

The European journal of health economics : HEPAC : health economics in prevention and care, 16 (2), 2015, ISSN: 16187601.

Resumen | Enlaces | BibTeX | Etiquetas: Crisi Econòmica, Salut, Treball

@article{urbanos-garrido_influence_2015,
title = {The influence of the economic crisis on the association between unemployment and health: an empirical analysis for Spain},
author = {Rosa M Urbanos-Garrido and Beatriz G Lopez-Valcarcel},
doi = {10.1007/s10198-014-0563-y},
issn = {16187601},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {The European journal of health economics : HEPAC : health economics in prevention and care},
volume = {16},
number = {2},
abstract = {OBJECTIVES: To estimate the impact of (particularly long-term) unemployment on the overall and mental health of the Spanish working-age population and to check whether the effects of unemployment on health have increased or been tempered as a consequence of the economic crisis. METHODS: We apply a matching technique to cross-sectional microdata from the Spanish Health Survey for the years 2006 and 2011-2012 to estimate the average treatment effect of unemployment on self-assessed health (SAH) in the last year, mental problems in the last year and on the mental health risk in the short term. We also use a differences-in-differences estimation method between the two periods to check if the impact of unemployment on health depends on the economic context. RESULTS: Unemployment has a significant negative impact on both SAH and mental health. This impact is particularly high for the long-term unemployed. With respect to the impact on mental health, negative effects significantly worsen with the economic crisis. For the full model, the changes in effects of long-term unemployment on mental problems and mental health risk are, respectively, 0.35 (CI 0.19-0.50) and 0.20 (CI 0.07-0.34). CONCLUSIONS: Anxiety and stress about the future associated with unemployment could have a large impact on individuals' health. It may be necessary to prevent health deterioration in vulnerable groups such as the unemployed, and also to monitor specific health risks that arise in recessions, such as psychological problems.},
keywords = {Crisi Econòmica, Salut, Treball},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}

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Benach, Joan; Julià, Mireia; Tarafa, Gemma; Mir, Jordi; Molinero, Emilia; Vives, Alejandra

La precariedad laboral medida de forma multidimensional: distribución social y asociación con la salud en Cataluña Artículo de revista

Gaceta Sanitaria, 29 (5), pp. 375–378, 2015, ISSN: 02139111.

Resumen | Enlaces | BibTeX | Etiquetas: Espanya, Salut, Treball

Gotsens, Mercè; Malmusi, Davide; Villarroel, Nazmy; Vives-Cases, Carmen; Garcia-Subirats, Irene; Hernando, Cristina; Borrell, Carme

Health inequality between immigrants and natives in Spain: The loss of the healthy immigrant effect in times of economic crisis Artículo de revista

European Journal of Public Health, 25 (6), 2015, ISSN: 1464360X.

Resumen | Enlaces | BibTeX | Etiquetas: Crisi Econòmica, Espanya, Immigrants, Salut

Briones-Vozmediano, Erica ; Agudelo-Suarez, Andres A; Goicolea, Isabel ; Vives-Cases, Carmen

Economic crisis, immigrant women and changing availability of intimate partner violence services: a qualitative study of professionals´ perceptions in Spain Artículo de revista

International Journal for Equity in Health, 13 (1), pp. 79, 2014.

Enlaces | BibTeX | Etiquetas: Desigualtats de Génere, Salut, Serveis Socials

Malmusi, Davide ; Vives, Alejandra ; Benach, Joan ; Borrell, Carme

Gender inequalities in health: exploring the contribution of living conditions in the intersection of social class Artículo de revista

Global Health Action, 7 (1), pp. 23189, 2014, ISSN: 1654-9716.

Resumen | Enlaces | BibTeX | Etiquetas: Desigualtats de Génere, Salut

@article{Malmusi2014,
title = {Gender inequalities in health: exploring the contribution of living conditions in the intersection of social class},
author = {Malmusi, Davide and Vives, Alejandra and Benach, Joan and Borrell, Carme},
url = {https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.3402/gha.v7.23189},
doi = {10.3402/gha.v7.23189},
issn = {1654-9716},
year = {2014},
date = {2014-12-01},
journal = {Global Health Action},
volume = {7},
number = {1},
pages = {23189},
abstract = {Background: Women experience poorer health than men despite their longer life expectancy, due to a higher prevalence of non-fatal chronic illnesses. This paper aims to explore whether the unequal gender distribution of roles and resources can account for inequalities in general self-rated health (SRH) by gender, across social classes, in a Southern European population. Methods: Cross-sectional study of residents in Catalonia aged 25-64, using data from the 2006 population living conditions survey (n = 5,817). Poisson regression models were used to calculate the fair/poor SRH prevalence ratio (PR) by gender and to estimate the contribution of variables assessing several dimensions of living conditions as the reduction in the PR after their inclusion in the model. Analyses were stratified by social class (non-manual and manual). Results: SRH was poorer for women among both non-manual (PR 1.39, 95% CI 1.09-1.76) and manual social classes (PR 1.36, 95% CI 1.20-1.56). Adjustment for individual income alone eliminated the association between sex and SRH, especially among manual classes (PR 1.01, 95% CI 0.85-1.19; among nonmanual 1.19, 0.92-1.54). The association was also reduced when adjusting by employment conditions among manual classes, and household material and economic situation, time in household chores and residential environment among non-manual classes. Discussion: Gender inequalities in individual income appear to contribute largely to women's poorer health. Individual income may indicate the availability of economic resources, but also the history of access to the labour market and potentially the degree of independence and power within the household. Policies to facilitate women's labour market participation, to close the gender pay gap, or to raise non-contributory pensions may be helpful to improve women's health. textcopyright 2014 Davide Malmusi et al.},
keywords = {Desigualtats de Génere, Salut},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}

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Llop-Gironés, Alba ; Vargas Lorenzo, Ingrid ; Garcia-Subirats, Irene ; Aller, Marta-Beatriz ; Vázquez Navarrete, María Luisa

Acceso a los servicios de salud de la población inmigrante en España Artículo de revista

Revista Española de Salud Pública, 88 (6), pp. 715–734, 2014.

Resumen | Enlaces | BibTeX | Etiquetas: Accés Serveis de Salut, Immigrants, Salut

@article{llop-girones_acceso_2014,
title = {Acceso a los servicios de salud de la población inmigrante en España},
author = {Llop-Gironés, Alba and Vargas Lorenzo, Ingrid and Garcia-Subirats, Irene and Aller, Marta-Beatriz and Vázquez Navarrete, María Luisa},
url = {http://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1135-57272014000600005&lng=en&nrm=iso&tlng=en},
doi = {10.4321/S1135-57272014000600005},
year = {2014},
date = {2014-01-01},
journal = {Revista Española de Salud Pública},
volume = {88},
number = {6},
pages = {715--734},
abstract = {Fundamentos: Una importante proporción de población en España es inmigrante y la evidencia internacional señala su acceso inadecuado a los servicios de salud. El objetivo es conocer el acceso a la atención de la población inmigrante en España.
Métodos: Revisión bibliográfica de los artículos originales (1998-2012) sobre acceso y utilización de los servicios de la población inmigrante en España registrados en Medline y MEDES. Se identificaron 319 artículos de los que se seleccionaron 20. Se utilizó el modelo de Aday y Andersen para el análisis.
Resultados: Entre los artículos seleccionados, 13 estudios cuantitativos analizaron diferencias en la utilización de los servicios entre inmigrantes y autóctonos y 7 determinantes del acceso en inmigrantes. En líneas generales estos muestran menor utilización de la atención especializada, mayor de las urgencias y no se observaron diferencias entre grupos en atención primaria. Los 5 estudios cuantitativos sobre determinantes se centraron en las características de la población (sexo, edad, nivel de estudios y posesión de seguro privado) sin observarse un patrón claro. Los 2 estudios cualitativos analizaron factores relacionados con los servicios de salud y encontraron barreras en el acceso, como la provisión de información o los requisitos para obtener la tarjeta sanitaria.
Conclusiones: El acceso a la atención en inmigrantes ha sido limitadamente abordado, con aproximaciones diferentes y los factores relacionados con la oferta, escasamente analizados. No se observa un patrón de utilización, las diferencias dependen de la clasificación de los inmigrante según origen y nivel asistencial. No obstante, en inmigrantes se observa menor utilización de la atención especializada y mayor de las urgencias, así como determinantes del acceso distintos a la necesidad.},
keywords = {Accés Serveis de Salut, Immigrants, Salut},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}

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Suess, Amets ; Ruiz Perez, I; Ruiz Azarola, A; March Cerda, J C

The right of access to health care for undocumented migrants: a revision of comparative analysis in the European context Artículo de revista

The European Journal of Public Health, 24 (5), pp. 712–720, 2014, ISSN: 1101-1262.

Resumen | Enlaces | BibTeX | Etiquetas: Accés Serveis de Salut, Salut

@article{suess_right_2014,
title = {The right of access to health care for undocumented migrants: a revision of comparative analysis in the European context},
author = {Suess, Amets and Ruiz Perez, I. and Ruiz Azarola, A. and March Cerda, J. C.},
url = {https://academic.oup.com/eurpub/article-lookup/doi/10.1093/eurpub/cku036},
doi = {10.1093/eurpub/cku036},
issn = {1101-1262},
year = {2014},
date = {2014-01-01},
journal = {The European Journal of Public Health},
volume = {24},
number = {5},
pages = {712--720},
abstract = {Background: The recent introduction of adjustment measures in the Spanish context by means of the Royal Decree-law 16/2012 (RDL 16/2012), which limits access to health care for undocumented migrants, raises the question about the state of the matter in different European Union member states.; Methods: Narrative review of comparative studies published between 2009 and 2012 that analyzes the right to health care for undocumented migrants in the European context.; Results: The review shows a high degree of variability regarding health care entitlements of undocumented migrants in different European countries, a frequent legal restriction of access to health care, as well as barriers in the effective access to health care. The studies coincide in recommending access at all health care levels, regardless of the administrative status of the person seeking treatment. The analysis of the impact of the current economic crisis on access and quality of the health care directed to undocumented migrants, as well as the knowledge of the migrants' perspective are identified as future research areas.; Conclusions: Compared with other European countries, the introduction of the measures established in the RDL 16/2012 modifies the place of the Spanish Public Health Care System from being situated in the group of countries that permit undocumented migrants access to all health care levels, towards the category of highest restriction.; © The Author 2014. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Public Health Association. All rights reserved.},
keywords = {Accés Serveis de Salut, Salut},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}

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Suess, Amets ; Ruiz Pérez, Isabel ; Ruiz Azarola, Ainhoa ; March Cerdà, Joan Carles

El derecho de acceso sanitario en el contexto del Real Decreto-ley 16/2012: la perspectiva de organizaciones de la sociedad civil y asociaciones profesionales Artículo de revista

Gaceta Sanitaria, 28 (6), pp. 461–469, 2014, ISSN: 02139111.

Resumen | Enlaces | BibTeX | Etiquetas: Accés Serveis de Salut, Immigrants, Salut

@article{suess_derecho_2014,
title = {El derecho de acceso sanitario en el contexto del Real Decreto-ley 16/2012: la perspectiva de organizaciones de la sociedad civil y asociaciones profesionales},
author = {Suess, Amets and Ruiz Pérez, Isabel and Ruiz Azarola, Ainhoa and March Cerdà, Joan Carles},
url = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0213911114001927},
doi = {10.1016/j.gaceta.2014.06.008},
issn = {02139111},
year = {2014},
date = {2014-01-01},
journal = {Gaceta Sanitaria},
volume = {28},
number = {6},
pages = {461--469},
abstract = {Objective: The recent publication of the Royal Decree-Law 16/2012 (RDL 16/2012), which introduces structural changes in the Spanish Public Healthcare System, can be placed in the broader context of budgetary adjustments in response to the current economic crisis. An analysis of the interrelationships among economic crisis, healthcare policies, and health reveals that citizen participation is one of several potential strategies for reducing the impact of this situation on the population. This observation raises the interest to know the citizens' perspectives on the modifications introduced by the RDL 16/2012. Methods: Narrative review of documents related to the RDL 16/2012 published by civil society organizations and professional associations in the Spanish context. Results: A broad citizen response can be observed to the introduction of RDL 16/2012. The documents reviewed include an analysis of changes in the healthcare model inherent to the RDL 16/2012, as well as predictions on its impact on access to healthcare, healthcare quality, and health. The civil society organizations and professional associations offer recommendations and proposals, as well as collaboration in elaborating alternative strategies to reduce costs. Conclusions: The response of civil society organizations and professional associations underscores the importance of strengthening citizen participation in the development of healthcare policies aimed at maintaining the universal character and sustainability of the Spanish Public Healthcare System in the current moment of economic and systemic crisis.},
keywords = {Accés Serveis de Salut, Immigrants, Salut},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}

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Woodward, Aniek ; Howard, Natasha ; Wolffers, Ivan

Health and access to care for undocumented migrants living in the European Union: a scoping review Artículo de revista

Health Policy and Planning, 29 (7), pp. 818–830, 2014, ISSN: 0268-1080.

Resumen | Enlaces | BibTeX | Etiquetas: Accés Serveis de Salut, Immigrants, Salut

@article{woodward_health_2014,
title = {Health and access to care for undocumented migrants living in the European Union: a scoping review},
author = {Woodward, Aniek and Howard, Natasha and Wolffers, Ivan},
url = {https://academic.oup.com/heapol/article-lookup/doi/10.1093/heapol/czt061},
doi = {10.1093/heapol/czt061},
issn = {0268-1080},
year = {2014},
date = {2014-01-01},
journal = {Health Policy and Planning},
volume = {29},
number = {7},
pages = {818--830},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Literature on health and access to care of undocumented migrants in the European Union (EU) is limited and heterogeneous in focus and quality. Authors conducted a scoping review to identify the extent, nature and distribution of existing primary research (1990-2012), thus clarifying what is known, key gaps, and potential next steps.$textbackslashbackslash$n$textbackslashbackslash$nMETHODS: Authors used Arksey and O'Malley's six-stage scoping framework, with Levac, Colquhoun and O'Brien's revisions, to review identified sources. Findings were summarized thematically: (i) physical, mental and social health issues, (ii) access and barriers to care, (iii) vulnerable groups and (iv) policy and rights.$textbackslashbackslash$n$textbackslashbackslash$nRESULTS: Fifty-four sources were included of 598 identified, with 93% (50/54) published during 2005-2012. EU member states from Eastern Europe were under-represented, particularly in single-country studies. Most study designs (52%) were qualitative. Sampling descriptions were generally poor, and sampling purposeful, with only four studies using any randomization. Demographic descriptions were far from uniform and only two studies focused on undocumented children and youth. Most (80%) included findings on health-care access, with obstacles reported at primary, secondary and tertiary levels. Major access barriers included fear, lack of awareness of rights, socioeconomics. Mental disorders appeared widespread, while obstetric needs and injuries were key reasons for seeking care. Pregnant women, children and detainees appeared most vulnerable. While EU policy supports health-care access for undocumented migrants, practices remain haphazard, with studies reporting differing interpretation and implementation of rights at regional, institutional and individual levels.$textbackslashbackslash$n$textbackslashbackslash$nCONCLUSIONS: This scoping review is an initial attempt to describe available primary evidence on health and access to care for undocumented migrants in the European Union. It underlines the need for more and better-quality research, increased co-operation between gatekeepers, providers, researchers and policy makers, and reduced ambiguities in health-care rights and obligations for undocumented migrants.},
keywords = {Accés Serveis de Salut, Immigrants, Salut},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}

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BACKGROUND: Literature on health and access to care of undocumented migrants in the European Union (EU) is limited and heterogeneous in focus and quality. Authors conducted a scoping review to identify the extent, nature and distribution of existing primary research (1990-2012), thus clarifying what is known, key gaps, and potential next steps.$textbackslashbackslash$n$textbackslashbackslash$nMETHODS: Authors used Arksey and O'Malley's six-stage scoping framework, with Levac, Colquhoun and O'Brien's revisions, to review identified sources. Findings were summarized thematically: (i) physical, mental and social health issues, (ii) access and barriers to care, (iii) vulnerable groups and (iv) policy and rights.$textbackslashbackslash$n$textbackslashbackslash$nRESULTS: Fifty-four sources were included of 598 identified, with 93% (50/54) published during 2005-2012. EU member states from Eastern Europe were under-represented, particularly in single-country studies. Most study designs (52%) were qualitative. Sampling descriptions were generally poor, and sampling purposeful, with only four studies using any randomization. Demographic descriptions were far from uniform and only two studies focused on undocumented children and youth. Most (80%) included findings on health-care access, with obstacles reported at primary, secondary and tertiary levels. Major access barriers included fear, lack of awareness of rights, socioeconomics. Mental disorders appeared widespread, while obstetric needs and injuries were key reasons for seeking care. Pregnant women, children and detainees appeared most vulnerable. While EU policy supports health-care access for undocumented migrants, practices remain haphazard, with studies reporting differing interpretation and implementation of rights at regional, institutional and individual levels.$textbackslashbackslash$n$textbackslashbackslash$nCONCLUSIONS: This scoping review is an initial attempt to describe available primary evidence on health and access to care for undocumented migrants in the European Union. It underlines the need for more and better-quality research, increased co-operation between gatekeepers, providers, researchers and policy makers, and reduced ambiguities in health-care rights and obligations for undocumented migrants.

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Benach, J; Vives, A; Amable, M; Vanroelen, C; Tarafa, G; Muntaner, C

Precarious employment: Understanding an emerging social determinant of health Libro

2014.

Resumen | Enlaces | BibTeX | Etiquetas: Salut, Treball

Malmusi, D; Ortiz-Barreda, G

Desigualdades sociales en salud en poblaciones inmigradas en España. Revisión de laliteratura Artículo de revista

Revista Espanola de Salud Publica, 88 (6), 2014.

Resumen | Enlaces | BibTeX | Etiquetas: Salut

Creu Roja,

L'afectació de la crisi en la salut de les persones En línea

2014, visitado: 13.07.2017.

Enlaces | BibTeX | Etiquetas: Crisi Econòmica, Salut

Benedicto, Andreu Segura

Recortes, austeridad y salud. Informe SESPAS 2014 Artículo de revista

Gaceta Sanitaria, 28 (S1), pp. 7–11, 2014, ISSN: 02139111.

Resumen | Enlaces | BibTeX | Etiquetas: Crisi Econòmica, Espanya, Salut

Legido-Quigley, Helena ; Urdaneta, Elena ; Gonzalez, Alvaro ; La Parra, Daniel ; Muntaner, Carles ; Alvarez-Dardet, Carlos ; Martin-Moreno, Jose M; McKee, Martin

Erosion of universal health coverage in Spain Artículo de revista

The Lancet, 382 (9909), pp. 1977, 2013, ISSN: 01406736.

Resumen | Enlaces | BibTeX | Etiquetas: Accés Serveis de Salut, Salut

@article{legido-quigley_erosion_2013,
title = {Erosion of universal health coverage in Spain},
author = {Legido-Quigley, Helena and Urdaneta, Elena and Gonzalez, Alvaro and La Parra, Daniel and Muntaner, Carles and Alvarez-Dardet, Carlos and Martin-Moreno, Jose M and McKee, Martin},
url = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0140673613626495},
doi = {10.1016/S0140-6736(13)62649-5},
issn = {01406736},
year = {2013},
date = {2013-12-01},
journal = {The Lancet},
volume = {382},
number = {9909},
pages = {1977},
abstract = {Whereas the recent UN resolution urges governments to accelerate progress towards universal access to affordable and quality health-care services, the Spanish Government, bypassing the parliamentary procedure, enacted a Royal Decree to limit access to free services at the point of delivery for all—undermining the principle of universal coverage. Spanish health and social service budgets have been subjected to large cuts (13·7% in 2012 and 16·2% in 2013) with some regions imposing additional budget cuts.1$textbackslashbackslash$nAfter the Royal Decree implementation in September, 2012, about 873 000 non-residents (probably including migrants no longer living in Spain) have lost entitlement to comprehensive care.2 The government justifies the policy on austerity grounds, even though public expenditure on health care in Spain was already among the lowest in Europe before the recent changes.$textbackslashbackslash$nWith the new law, individuals losing entitlement to comprehensive care retain protection if they are younger than 18 years; during pregnancy, delivery, and post-partum period; and for emergency care after serious illness or injury. However, there are many obstacles. Medicos del Mundo have documented 1192 cases when people were unable to obtain care because of a lack of appropriate documentation, conflicting interpretations of the Decree, and in some cases discrimination and racism.3 Such changes could have serious consequences for population health, especially with regard to tuberculosis and HIV infections,4 and could threaten access to mental health, addiction, and chronic care services for vulnerable populations, such as the homeless.$textbackslashbackslash$nWhile the UN resolution calls upon governments to avoid substantial direct payments at the point of delivery, the Spanish Government has also introduced copayments for drugs. Pensioners will have to pay an increasing part of the cost of medicines. From October, 2013, patients with hepatitis C, HIV, rheumatoid arthritis, and some cancers will also have to pay 10% of their treatment costs in hospital pharmacies up to €4·20 per prescription.5 Even small out-of-pocket expenses are a barrier to effective treatment. The Federation of Associations Defending Public Health reports that 17% of pensioners could not complete the course of their treatment because of their high and increasing costs.6$textbackslashbackslash$nAt the European level, several reports are worth mentioning. According to Eurostat's At risk of poverty or social exclusion in the EU27, austerity measures could affect children in particular—they are disproportionately affected by the financial crisis with nearly 30% being at risk of poverty or social exclusion. The Council of Europe has raised concerns regarding the difficulties some children (ie, undocumented migrants) are facing in accessing health care.7 In its recent recommendations, the European Council has clearly emphasised the need for an assessment of the effects of austerity measures on vulnerable groups in Spain.$textbackslashbackslash$nAusterity measures adopted by Spain and other European countries have failed to heal their economies, and there is growing evidence that these measures threathen the health of their citizens.1, 4$textbackslashbackslash$nThere is still time to save the Spanish health system and reverse the restrictions limiting universal protection. It is possible to re-establish universal access to quality health-care services, free at the point of delivery, in line with the UN resolution.$textbackslashbackslash$nWe declare that we have no conflicts of interest.},
keywords = {Accés Serveis de Salut, Salut},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}

Cerrar

Whereas the recent UN resolution urges governments to accelerate progress towards universal access to affordable and quality health-care services, the Spanish Government, bypassing the parliamentary procedure, enacted a Royal Decree to limit access to free services at the point of delivery for all—undermining the principle of universal coverage. Spanish health and social service budgets have been subjected to large cuts (13·7% in 2012 and 16·2% in 2013) with some regions imposing additional budget cuts.1$textbackslashbackslash$nAfter the Royal Decree implementation in September, 2012, about 873 000 non-residents (probably including migrants no longer living in Spain) have lost entitlement to comprehensive care.2 The government justifies the policy on austerity grounds, even though public expenditure on health care in Spain was already among the lowest in Europe before the recent changes.$textbackslashbackslash$nWith the new law, individuals losing entitlement to comprehensive care retain protection if they are younger than 18 years; during pregnancy, delivery, and post-partum period; and for emergency care after serious illness or injury. However, there are many obstacles. Medicos del Mundo have documented 1192 cases when people were unable to obtain care because of a lack of appropriate documentation, conflicting interpretations of the Decree, and in some cases discrimination and racism.3 Such changes could have serious consequences for population health, especially with regard to tuberculosis and HIV infections,4 and could threaten access to mental health, addiction, and chronic care services for vulnerable populations, such as the homeless.$textbackslashbackslash$nWhile the UN resolution calls upon governments to avoid substantial direct payments at the point of delivery, the Spanish Government has also introduced copayments for drugs. Pensioners will have to pay an increasing part of the cost of medicines. From October, 2013, patients with hepatitis C, HIV, rheumatoid arthritis, and some cancers will also have to pay 10% of their treatment costs in hospital pharmacies up to €4·20 per prescription.5 Even small out-of-pocket expenses are a barrier to effective treatment. The Federation of Associations Defending Public Health reports that 17% of pensioners could not complete the course of their treatment because of their high and increasing costs.6$textbackslashbackslash$nAt the European level, several reports are worth mentioning. According to Eurostat's At risk of poverty or social exclusion in the EU27, austerity measures could affect children in particular—they are disproportionately affected by the financial crisis with nearly 30% being at risk of poverty or social exclusion. The Council of Europe has raised concerns regarding the difficulties some children (ie, undocumented migrants) are facing in accessing health care.7 In its recent recommendations, the European Council has clearly emphasised the need for an assessment of the effects of austerity measures on vulnerable groups in Spain.$textbackslashbackslash$nAusterity measures adopted by Spain and other European countries have failed to heal their economies, and there is growing evidence that these measures threathen the health of their citizens.1, 4$textbackslashbackslash$nThere is still time to save the Spanish health system and reverse the restrictions limiting universal protection. It is possible to re-establish universal access to quality health-care services, free at the point of delivery, in line with the UN resolution.$textbackslashbackslash$nWe declare that we have no conflicts of interest.

Cerrar

Almeida, Lígia Moreira ; Caldas, José ; Ayres-de-Campos, Diogo ; Salcedo-Barrientos, Dora ; Dias, Sónia

Maternal healthcare in migrants: a systematic review. Artículo de revista

Maternal and child health journal, 17 (8), pp. 1346–1354, 2013, ISSN: 1573-6628.

Resumen | Enlaces | BibTeX | Etiquetas: Immigrants, Salut

@article{almeida_maternal_2013,
title = {Maternal healthcare in migrants: a systematic review.},
author = {Almeida, Lígia Moreira and Caldas, José and Ayres-de-Campos, Diogo and Salcedo-Barrientos, Dora and Dias, Sónia},
url = {http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10995-012-1149-x },
doi = {10.1007/s10995-012-1149-x},
issn = {1573-6628},
year = {2013},
date = {2013-10-01},
journal = {Maternal and child health journal},
volume = {17},
number = {8},
pages = {1346--1354},
abstract = {Pregnancy is a period of increased vulnerability for migrant women, and access to healthcare, use and quality of care provided during this period are important aspects to characterize the support provided to this population. A systematic review of the scientific literature contained in the MEDLINE and SCOPUS databases was carried out, searching for population based studies published between 1990 and 2012 and reporting on maternal healthcare in immigrant populations. A total of 854 articles were retrieved and 30 publications met the inclusion criteria, being included in the final evaluation. The majority of studies point to a higher health risk profile in immigrants, with an increased incidence of co-morbidity in some populations, reduced access to health facilities particularly in illegal immigrants, poor communication between women and caregivers, a lower rate of obstetrical interventions, a higher incidence of stillbirth and early neonatal death, an increased risk of maternal death, and a higher incidence of postpartum depression. Incidences vary widely among different population groups. Some migrant populations are at a higher risk of serious complications during pregnancy, for reasons that include reduced access and use of healthcare facilities, as well as less optimal care, resulting in a higher incidence of adverse outcomes. Tackling these problems and achieving equality of care for all is a challenging aim for public healthcare services.},
keywords = {Immigrants, Salut},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}

Cerrar

O'Donnell, Catherine ; Burns, Nicola ; Dowrick, Christopher ; Lionis, Christos ; MacFarlane, Anne

Health-care access for migrants in Europe. Artículo de revista

The Lancet, 382 (9890), pp. 393, 2013, ISSN: 0140-6736.

Resumen | Enlaces | BibTeX | Etiquetas: Accés Serveis de Salut, Salut

@article{odonnell_health-care_2013,
title = {Health-care access for migrants in Europe.},
author = {O'Donnell, Catherine and Burns, Nicola and Dowrick, Christopher and Lionis, Christos and MacFarlane, Anne},
url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84881161947&partnerID=tZOtx3y1 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(13)61666-9},
doi = {10.1016/S0140-6736(13)61666-9},
issn = {0140-6736},
year = {2013},
date = {2013-01-01},
journal = {The Lancet},
volume = {382},
number = {9890},
pages = {393},
abstract = {The Health in Europe Series highlights two crucial issues: health-care access for migrants1 and the effect of austerity measures on health care.2$textbackslashbackslash$nThe RESTORE study is exploring the implementation of initiatives designed to support multicultural consultations in primary care, in six European countries (Austria, England, Greece, Ireland, Scotland, and the Netherlands).3 We wish to draw attention to the disproportionate effect that austerity measures are having on migrant health care, even in countries that seem less affected by the economic downturn.$textbackslashbackslash$nWe observe that an area particularly affected is the provision of interpretation services for patients who speak a foreign language. In the Netherlands, the government recently stopped paying for medical interpreter services.4 In England, the cost of National Health Service translation services has led to discussion about the provision of face-to-face interpreters. Out-of-pocket expenses and a lack of free health care for migrants are also affecting their ability to access health services. In Greece, migrants struggling to register their asylum claim are deemed to have irregular status and, as such, are unable to access medical care.5$textbackslashbackslash$nIn the Netherlands, all patients now have to make a financial contribution to their mental health care. Because migrants have a greater prevalence of mental health problems and are more likely to be on low incomes, this affects them disproportionately. In Scotland, mental health services for asylum seekers have been cut. In Ireland several agencies that supported migrant rights have had their funding cut. Changes to entitlements in England mean that asylum seekers whose applications have been refused can no longer access non-urgent secondary care services for free.$textbackslashbackslash$nAt times of financial hardship, there is a temptation to cut services targeted at minority populations, but this might affect other parts of the health system. Without translation services, patients who do not speak the first language of the country well are more likely to access health care at the most permeable part of the system—emergency departments. This might be inappropriate and, in the long term, costly. A lack of culturally and language appropriate preventive services might result in patients only accessing health care late. Increased reliance on copayments might further marginalise such groups.$textbackslashbackslash$nEvidence of the effects of the austerity measures is only emerging. We urge policy makers and governments to refrain from cutting services for some of the most vulnerable patients in society. The right to health must be protected, even in times of fiscal austerity.$textbackslashbackslash$nWe declare that we have no conflicts of interest.$textbackslashbackslash$n},
keywords = {Accés Serveis de Salut, Salut},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}

Cerrar

The Health in Europe Series highlights two crucial issues: health-care access for migrants1 and the effect of austerity measures on health care.2$textbackslashbackslash$nThe RESTORE study is exploring the implementation of initiatives designed to support multicultural consultations in primary care, in six European countries (Austria, England, Greece, Ireland, Scotland, and the Netherlands).3 We wish to draw attention to the disproportionate effect that austerity measures are having on migrant health care, even in countries that seem less affected by the economic downturn.$textbackslashbackslash$nWe observe that an area particularly affected is the provision of interpretation services for patients who speak a foreign language. In the Netherlands, the government recently stopped paying for medical interpreter services.4 In England, the cost of National Health Service translation services has led to discussion about the provision of face-to-face interpreters. Out-of-pocket expenses and a lack of free health care for migrants are also affecting their ability to access health services. In Greece, migrants struggling to register their asylum claim are deemed to have irregular status and, as such, are unable to access medical care.5$textbackslashbackslash$nIn the Netherlands, all patients now have to make a financial contribution to their mental health care. Because migrants have a greater prevalence of mental health problems and are more likely to be on low incomes, this affects them disproportionately. In Scotland, mental health services for asylum seekers have been cut. In Ireland several agencies that supported migrant rights have had their funding cut. Changes to entitlements in England mean that asylum seekers whose applications have been refused can no longer access non-urgent secondary care services for free.$textbackslashbackslash$nAt times of financial hardship, there is a temptation to cut services targeted at minority populations, but this might affect other parts of the health system. Without translation services, patients who do not speak the first language of the country well are more likely to access health care at the most permeable part of the system—emergency departments. This might be inappropriate and, in the long term, costly. A lack of culturally and language appropriate preventive services might result in patients only accessing health care late. Increased reliance on copayments might further marginalise such groups.$textbackslashbackslash$nEvidence of the effects of the austerity measures is only emerging. We urge policy makers and governments to refrain from cutting services for some of the most vulnerable patients in society. The right to health must be protected, even in times of fiscal austerity.$textbackslashbackslash$nWe declare that we have no conflicts of interest.$textbackslashbackslash$n

Cerrar

Barona-Vilar, Carmen ; M?s-Pons, Rosa ; Fullana-Montoro, Ana ; Giner-Monfort, Jordi ; Grau-Mu?oz, Arantxa ; Bisbal-Sanz, Josep

Perceptions and experiences of parenthood and maternal health care among Latin American women living in Spain: A qualitative study Artículo de revista

Midwifery, 29 (4), pp. 332–337, 2013, ISSN: 02666138.

Resumen | Enlaces | BibTeX | Etiquetas: Immigrants, Salut

@article{barona-vilar_perceptions_2013,
title = {Perceptions and experiences of parenthood and maternal health care among Latin American women living in Spain: A qualitative study},
author = {Barona-Vilar, Carmen and M?s-Pons, Rosa and Fullana-Montoro, Ana and Giner-Monfort, Jordi and Grau-Mu?oz, Arantxa and Bisbal-Sanz, Josep},
url = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S026661381200023X},
doi = {10.1016/j.midw.2012.01.015},
issn = {02666138},
year = {2013},
date = {2013-01-01},
journal = {Midwifery},
volume = {29},
number = {4},
pages = {332--337},
abstract = {Objective: to explore the experiences and perceptions of parenthood and maternal health care among Latin American women living in Spain. Design: an exploratory qualitative research using focus groups and thematic analysis of the discussion. Setting and participants: three focus groups with 26 women from Bolivia and Ecuador and three focus groups with 24 midwives were performed in three towns in the Valencian Community receiving a large influx of immigrants. Findings: the women interpreted motherhood as the role through which they achieve fulfilment and assumed that they were the ones who could best take care of their children. They perceived that men usually make decisions about sex and pregnancy and recognised a poor or inadequate use of contraceptive methods in planning their pregnancies. Women reported that it was not necessary to go as soon and as frequently for health examinations during pregnancy as the midwives suggested. The main barriers identified to health-care services were linked to insecure or illegal employment status, inflexible appointment timetables for prenatal checkups and sometimes to ignorance about how public services worked. Key conclusions and implications for practice: empowering immigrant women is essential to having a long-term positive effect on their reproductive health. Antenatal care providers should be trained to build maternity care that is culturally sensitive and responds better to the health needs of different pregnant women and their newborns. © 2012 Elsevier Ltd.},
keywords = {Immigrants, Salut},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}

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Nacif-Gomera, María Loris ; Lorenzo-González, Rosalía ; Hernández, Mercedes ; Pérez-Martínez, Antonio

AMOR II: an effort to eradicate psychosocial barriers induced by immigration phenomenon in children with cancer. Artículo de revista

Journal of pediatric hematology/oncology, 35 (2), pp. 118–23, 2013, ISSN: 1536-3678.

Resumen | Enlaces | BibTeX | Etiquetas: Immigrants, Infants, Salut

@article{nacif-gomera_amor_2013,
title = {AMOR II: an effort to eradicate psychosocial barriers induced by immigration phenomenon in children with cancer.},
author = {Nacif-Gomera, María Loris and Lorenzo-González, Rosalía and Hernández, Mercedes and Pérez-Martínez, Antonio},
url = {http://journals.lww.com/jpho-online/Abstract/2013/03000/AMOR_II___An_Effort_to_Eradicate_Psychosocial.8.aspx},
doi = {10.1097/MPH.0b013e3182580c0c},
issn = {1536-3678},
year = {2013},
date = {2013-01-01},
journal = {Journal of pediatric hematology/oncology},
volume = {35},
number = {2},
pages = {118--23},
abstract = {BACKGROUND Immigration in the childhood cancer population constitutes a stressor factor because of high biopsychosocial vulnerability. In recent years the incidence of immigrant children in our unit has increased. Since 2005 we have developed a psychosocial program to overcome this challenge. Our objective is to assess its impact on the immigrant pediatric population. PROCEDURE We have compared new cases (n=114) from 2005 to 2010 with historical cases (n=95) from 1995 to 2004. We administered a long-term follow-up questionnaire allowing for the assessment of symptoms associated with biopsychosocial variables. RESULTS Most of our immigrant patients came from Latin America and we observed a significant increase of cases coming from Morocco and Romania. The most common diagnosis was hematological malignancies. From 2005 to 2010 the disease status was mainly initial, whereas in the period 1995 to 2004 most of the patients arrived with advanced disease. Socioeconomic variables amongst these patients tended towards low incomes, high unemployment, and economic difficulties. The implementation of the biopsychosocial protocol AMOR II improved adaptation (P=0.012), the amount and understanding of information received (P=0.002), and family emotional support (P=0.004). CONCLUSIONS In brief, our biopsychosocial protocol had significantly increased some psychosocial variables. However, immigration in Spain is still associated with economic difficulties, "aculturism" and failure to adapt.},
keywords = {Immigrants, Infants, Salut},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}

Cerrar

Síndic de Greuges de Catalunya,

Informe sobre la malnutrició infantil a Catalunya Informe técnico

Síndic de Greuges de Catalunya Barcelona, 2013.

Enlaces | BibTeX | Etiquetas: Infants, Informes, Salut

Vázquez Navarrete, María Luisa ; Terraza-Núñez, Rebeca ; S-Hernández, Silvia ; Vargas, Ingrid ; Bosch, Lola ; González, Andrea ; Pequeño, Sandra ; Cantos, Raquel ; Martínez, Juan Ignacio ; López, Luís Andrés

Are migrants health policies aimed at improving access to quality healthcare? An analysis of Spanish policies. Artículo de revista

Health policy (Amsterdam, Netherlands), 113 (3), pp. 236–46, 2013, ISSN: 1872-6054.

Resumen | Enlaces | BibTeX | Etiquetas: Accés Serveis de Salut, Immigrants, Salut

@article{vazquez_navarrete_are_2013,
title = {Are migrants health policies aimed at improving access to quality healthcare? An analysis of Spanish policies.},
author = {Vázquez Navarrete, María Luisa and Terraza-Núñez, Rebeca and S-Hernández, Silvia and Vargas, Ingrid and Bosch, Lola and González, Andrea and Pequeño, Sandra and Cantos, Raquel and Martínez, Juan Ignacio and López, Luís Andrés},
url = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0168851013001693},
doi = {10.1016/j.healthpol.2013.06.007},
issn = {1872-6054},
year = {2013},
date = {2013-01-01},
journal = {Health policy (Amsterdam, Netherlands)},
volume = {113},
number = {3},
pages = {236--46},
abstract = {Although until April 2012, all Spanish citizens regardless of their origin, residence status and work situation were entitled to health care, available evidence suggested inadequate access for immigrants. Following the Aday and Andersen model, we conducted an analysis of policy elements that affect immigrants' access to health care in Spain, based on documentary analysis of national policies and selected regional policies related to migrant health care. Selected documents were (a) laws and plans in force at the time containing migrant health policies and (b) evaluations. The analysis included policy principles, objectives, strategies and evaluations. Results show that the national and regional policies analyzed are based on the principle that health care is a right granted to immigrants by law. These policies include strategies to facilitate access to health care, reducing barriers for entry to the system, for example simplifying requirements and raising awareness, but mostly they address the necessary qualities for services to be able to attend to a more diverse population, such as the adaptation of resources and programs, or improved communication and training. However, limited planning was identified in terms of their implementation, necessary resources and evaluation. In conclusion, the policies address relevant barriers of access for migrants and signal improvements in the health system's responsiveness, but reinforcement is required in order for them to be effectively implemented.},
keywords = {Accés Serveis de Salut, Immigrants, Salut},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}

Cerrar

Martinez-Beneito, Miguel A; Zurriaga, Oscar; Botella-Rocamora, Paloma; Marí-Dell'Olmo, Marc; Nolasco, Andreu; Moncho, Joaquín; Daponte, Antonio; Domínguez-Berjón, Felicitas M; Gandarillas, Ana; Martos, Carmen; Montoya, Imanol; Sánchez-Villegas, Pablo; Taracido, Margarita; Borrell, Carme

Do socioeconomic inequalities in mortality vary between different Spanish cities? a pooled cross-sectional analysis Artículo de revista

BMC Public Health, 13 (1), 2013, ISSN: 1471-2458.

Resumen | Enlaces | BibTeX | Etiquetas: Crisi Econòmica, Espanya, Salut

@article{martinez-beneito_socioeconomic_2013,
title = {Do socioeconomic inequalities in mortality vary between different Spanish cities? a pooled cross-sectional analysis},
author = {Miguel A Martinez-Beneito and Oscar Zurriaga and Paloma Botella-Rocamora and Marc Marí-Dell'Olmo and Andreu Nolasco and Joaquín Moncho and Antonio Daponte and Felicitas M Domínguez-Berjón and Ana Gandarillas and Carmen Martos and Imanol Montoya and Pablo Sánchez-Villegas and Margarita Taracido and Carme Borrell},
doi = {10.1186/1471-2458-13-480},
issn = {1471-2458},
year = {2013},
date = {2013-01-01},
journal = {BMC Public Health},
volume = {13},
number = {1},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: The relationship between deprivation and mortality in urban settings is well established. This relationship has been found for several causes of death in Spanish cities in independent analyses (the MEDEA project). However, no joint analysis which pools the strength of this relationship across several cities has ever been undertaken. Such an analysis would determine, if appropriate, a joint relationship by linking the associations found.$textbackslashbackslash$n$textbackslashbackslash$nMETHODS: A pooled cross-sectional analysis of the data from the MEDEA project has been carried out for each of the causes of death studied. Specifically, a meta-analysis has been carried out to pool the relative risks in eleven Spanish cities. Different deprivation-mortality relationships across the cities are considered in the analysis (fixed and random effects models). The size of the cities is also considered as a possible factor explaining differences between cities.$textbackslashbackslash$n$textbackslashbackslash$nRESULTS: Twenty studies have been carried out for different combinations of sex and causes of death. For nine of them (men: prostate cancer, diabetes, mental illnesses, Alzheimer's disease, cerebrovascular disease; women: diabetes, mental illnesses, respiratory diseases, cirrhosis) no differences were found between cities in the effect of deprivation on mortality; in four cases (men: respiratory diseases, all causes of mortality; women: breast cancer, Alzheimer's disease) differences not associated with the size of the city have been determined; in two cases (men: cirrhosis; women: lung cancer) differences strictly linked to the size of the city have been determined, and in five cases (men: lung cancer, ischaemic heart disease; women: ischaemic heart disease, cerebrovascular diseases, all causes of mortality) both kinds of differences have been found. Except for lung cancer in women, every significant relationship between deprivation and mortality goes in the same direction: deprivation increases mortality. Variability in the relative risks across cities was found for general mortality for both sexes.$textbackslashbackslash$n$textbackslashbackslash$nCONCLUSIONS: This study provides a general overview of the relationship between deprivation and mortality for a sample of large Spanish cities combined. This joint study allows the exploration of and, if appropriate, the quantification of the variability in that relationship for the set of cities considered.},
keywords = {Crisi Econòmica, Espanya, Salut},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}

Cerrar

BACKGROUND: The relationship between deprivation and mortality in urban settings is well established. This relationship has been found for several causes of death in Spanish cities in independent analyses (the MEDEA project). However, no joint analysis which pools the strength of this relationship across several cities has ever been undertaken. Such an analysis would determine, if appropriate, a joint relationship by linking the associations found.$textbackslashbackslash$n$textbackslashbackslash$nMETHODS: A pooled cross-sectional analysis of the data from the MEDEA project has been carried out for each of the causes of death studied. Specifically, a meta-analysis has been carried out to pool the relative risks in eleven Spanish cities. Different deprivation-mortality relationships across the cities are considered in the analysis (fixed and random effects models). The size of the cities is also considered as a possible factor explaining differences between cities.$textbackslashbackslash$n$textbackslashbackslash$nRESULTS: Twenty studies have been carried out for different combinations of sex and causes of death. For nine of them (men: prostate cancer, diabetes, mental illnesses, Alzheimer's disease, cerebrovascular disease; women: diabetes, mental illnesses, respiratory diseases, cirrhosis) no differences were found between cities in the effect of deprivation on mortality; in four cases (men: respiratory diseases, all causes of mortality; women: breast cancer, Alzheimer's disease) differences not associated with the size of the city have been determined; in two cases (men: cirrhosis; women: lung cancer) differences strictly linked to the size of the city have been determined, and in five cases (men: lung cancer, ischaemic heart disease; women: ischaemic heart disease, cerebrovascular diseases, all causes of mortality) both kinds of differences have been found. Except for lung cancer in women, every significant relationship between deprivation and mortality goes in the same direction: deprivation increases mortality. Variability in the relative risks across cities was found for general mortality for both sexes.$textbackslashbackslash$n$textbackslashbackslash$nCONCLUSIONS: This study provides a general overview of the relationship between deprivation and mortality for a sample of large Spanish cities combined. This joint study allows the exploration of and, if appropriate, the quantification of the variability in that relationship for the set of cities considered.

Cerrar

Karanikolos, Marina; Mladovsky, Philipa; Cylus, Jonathan; Thomson, Sarah; Basu, Sanjay; Stuckler, David; MacKenbach, Johan P; McKee, Martin

Financial crisis, austerity, and health in Europe Artículo de revista

The Lancet, 381 (9874), 2013, ISSN: 01406736.

Resumen | Enlaces | BibTeX | Etiquetas: Crisi Econòmica, Salut

@article{karanikolos_financial_2013,
title = {Financial crisis, austerity, and health in Europe},
author = {Marina Karanikolos and Philipa Mladovsky and Jonathan Cylus and Sarah Thomson and Sanjay Basu and David Stuckler and Johan P MacKenbach and Martin McKee},
doi = {10.1016/S0140-6736(13)60102-6},
issn = {01406736},
year = {2013},
date = {2013-01-01},
journal = {The Lancet},
volume = {381},
number = {9874},
abstract = {The financial crisis in Europe has posed major threats and opportunities to health. We trace the origins of the economic crisis in Europe and the responses of governments, examine the effect on health systems, and review the effects of previous economic downturns on health to predict the likely consequences for the present. We then compare our predictions with available evidence for the effects of the crisis on health. Whereas immediate rises in suicides and falls in road traffic deaths were anticipated, other consequences, such as HIV outbreaks, were not, and are better understood as products of state retrenchment. Greece, Spain, and Portugal adopted strict fiscal austerity; their economies continue to recede and strain on their health-care systems is growing. Suicides and outbreaks of infectious diseases are becoming more common in these countries, and budget cuts have restricted access to health care. By contrast, Iceland rejected austerity through a popular vote, and the financial crisis seems to have had few or no discernible effects on health. Although there are many potentially confounding differences between countries, our analysis suggests that, although recessions pose risks to health, the interaction of fiscal austerity with economic shocks and weak social protection is what ultimately seems to escalate health and social crises in Europe. Policy decisions about how to respond to economic crises have pronounced and unintended effects on public health, yet public health voices have remained largely silent during the economic crisis.},
keywords = {Crisi Econòmica, Salut},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}

Cerrar

Gallo, Pedro; Gené-Badia, Joan

Cuts drive health system reforms in Spain Artículo de revista

Health Policy, 113 (1-2), pp. 1–7, 2013, ISSN: 01688510.

Resumen | Enlaces | BibTeX | Etiquetas: Espanya, Salut

Rechel, Bernd; Mladovsky, Philipa; Ingleby, David; Mackenbach, Johan P; McKee, Martin

Migration and health in an increasingly diverse Europe Artículo de revista

The Lancet, 381 (9873), 2013, ISSN: 01406736.

Resumen | Enlaces | BibTeX | Etiquetas: Europa, Immigrants, Salut

Mart{í}n, Unai ; Malmusi, Davide ; Bacigalupe, Amaia ; Esnaola, Santiago

Migraciones internas en España durante el siglo xx: un nuevo eje para el estudio de las desigualdades sociales en salud Artículo de revista

Gaceta Sanitaria, 26 (1), pp. 9–15, 2012, ISSN: 02139111.

Resumen | Enlaces | BibTeX | Etiquetas: Immigrants, Salut

@article{Martin2012,
title = {Migraciones internas en España durante el siglo xx: un nuevo eje para el estudio de las desigualdades sociales en salud},
author = {Mart{í}n, Unai and Malmusi, Davide and Bacigalupe, Amaia and Esnaola, Santiago},
url = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0213911111001828},
doi = {10.1016/j.gaceta.2011.06.005},
issn = {02139111},
year = {2012},
date = {2012-01-01},
journal = {Gaceta Sanitaria},
volume = {26},
number = {1},
pages = {9--15},
abstract = {Objetivo Catalunya y Euskadi recibieron durante el siglo xx importantes contingentes de inmigración del resto de España. El objetivo es analizar las desigualdades en salud según el lugar de nacimiento (población autóctona y nacida en otras comunidades autónomas). Métodos Estudio transversal sobre población no institucionalizada de 50 a 79 años de edad, con datos de las encuestas de salud de Catalunya 2006 (n = 5.483) y de Euskadi 2007 (n = 3.424). Se utilizaron modelos log-binomiales para calcular las razones de prevalencia (RP) de mala salud percibida según el lugar de nacimiento, estratificadas por sexo y clase social, y ajustadas sucesivamente por edad, clase social y nivel de estudios. Resultados Las personas procedentes de otras comunidades autónomas valoraban peor su salud que las autóctonas, tanto en Euskadi (RP ajustada por edad en hombres de 1,30, intervalo de confianza del 95% [IC95%] 1,11-1,54; y en mujeres RP de 1,42 e IC95% de 1,25-1,62) como en Catalunya (en hombres RP 1,41 e IC95% de 1,26-1,62; en mujeres RP de 1,25 e IC95% de 1,16-1,35). Las RP se redujeron, pero permanecieron significativas tras ajustar por clase social y nivel de estudios, y estratificando por clase social manual y no manual. Conclusiones En ambas comunidades existen desigualdades en salud en detrimento de la población procedente del resto de España, que constituye alrededor de la mitad de la población en las cohortes de edad estudiadas. Futuros estudios deberían explorar la persistencia de estas desigualdades en otros indicadores de salud y su reproducción en las segundas generaciones, así como identificar puntos de entrada para políticas preventivas.},
keywords = {Immigrants, Salut},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}

Cerrar

Borrell, C; Malmusi, D; Artazcoz, L; Diez, E; Rodr{í}guez-Sanz, I P Y M; Campos, P; Merino, B; Ram{í}rez, R; Benach, J; Escolar, A; Esnaola, S; Gandarillas, A; G{ó}mez, A; {La Parra}, D; Peir{ó}, R; Segura, J; Solanillas, J R

Propuesta de políticas e intervenciones para reducir las desigualdades sociales en salud en España Artículo de revista

Gaceta Sanitaria, 26 (2), pp. 182–189, 2012.

Resumen | Enlaces | BibTeX | Etiquetas: Salut

Sanz-Barbero, Belén ; Regidor, Enrique ; Galindo, Silvia

Influencia del lugar de origen en la utilización de pruebas de cribado de cáncer ginecológico en España Artículo de revista

Revista de Saúde Pública, 45 (6), pp. 1019–1026, 2011.

Resumen | Enlaces | BibTeX | Etiquetas: Desigualtats de Génere, Immigrants, Salut

Borrell, Carme ; Pal{è}ncia, Laia ; Rodr{í}guez-Sanz, Maica ; Malmusi, Davide ; Bartoll, Xavier ; Puigpin{ó}s, Rosa

La evolución de las desigualdades en salud en Cataluña Artículo de revista

Medicina clinica, 137 Suppl , pp. 60–5, 2011, ISSN: 1578-8989.

Resumen | Enlaces | BibTeX | Etiquetas: Afers Socials, Salut

@article{Borrell2011,
title = {La evolución de las desigualdades en salud en Cataluña},
author = {Borrell, Carme and Pal{è}ncia, Laia and Rodr{í}guez-Sanz, Maica and Malmusi, Davide and Bartoll, Xavier and Puigpin{ó}s, Rosa},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22310366},
doi = {10.1016/S0025-7753(11)70031-8},
issn = {1578-8989},
year = {2011},
date = {2011-12-01},
journal = {Medicina clinica},
volume = {137 Suppl},
pages = {60--5},
abstract = {Objetivo: Analizar la evolución de las desigualdades sociales en salud en Cataluña en las últimas 2 décadas. Métodos: Se ha analizado la mortalidad en 354 áreas pequeñas de Cataluña (288 municipios o agregados de municipios de Cataluña y 66 Zonas Básicas de Salud de la ciudad de Barcelona) para el período 1984-1998. Se han comparado los indicadores de salud percibida, los estilos de vida y la utilización de servicios sanitarios por clase social y género en 1994 y 2002. Asimismo, se han analizado aspectos relacionados con la salud laboral, la salud y la inmigración, el medioambiente y las políticas para reducir las desigualdades en salud. Resultados: Aunque la mayoría de indicadores de salud ha mejorado a lo largo de los últimos años, este trabajo ha puesto de relieve la presencia de múltiples desigualdades sociales en salud, tanto en 1994 como en 2002, y el hecho de que éstas se mantienen o, en determinados casos, incluso aumentan. Así, las personas que viven en las áreas geográficas con mayor privación material, la población de las clases desfavorecidas, las mujeres y los inmigrantes provenientes de países de renta baja son los colectivos más perjudicados. Conclusiones: Se pone de manifiesto la presencia de desigualdades en salud y su estabilidad en el tiempo. Se hacen recomendaciones relacionadas con los sistemas de información y la difusión, la investigación y las políticas para reducir estas desigualdades.},
keywords = {Afers Socials, Salut},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}

Cerrar

Sanz-Barbero, Belén ; Regidor, Enrique ; Galindo, Silvia ; Pascual, Cruz ; Lostao, Lourdes ; Díaz, José Manuel ; Sánchez, Elisabeth

Pattern of health services use by immigrants from different regions of the world residing in Spain. Artículo de revista

International journal of public health, 56 (5), pp. 567–576, 2011.

Resumen | Enlaces | BibTeX | Etiquetas: Accés Serveis de Salut, Immigrants, Salut

Vives, Alejandra ; Vanroelen, Christophe ; Amable, Marcelo ; Ferrer, Montserrat ; Moncada, Salvador ; Llorens, Clara ; Muntaner, Carles ; Benavides, Fernando G; Benach, Joan

Employment Precariousness in Spain: Prevalence, Social Distribution, and Population-Attributable Risk Percent of Poor Mental Health Artículo de revista

International Journal of Health Services, 41 (4), pp. 625–646, 2011, ISSN: 0020-7314.

Enlaces | BibTeX | Etiquetas: Salut, Salut Mental, Treball