Accés Serveis de Salut Adults Afers Socials Alimentació Aplicacions Mòbils Convencions Crisi Econòmica Desigualtats de Génere Desigualtats Socials Economia Educació Espanya Europa Explotació Sexual Fundacions Génere Habitatge Immigrants Infants Informes Joventut Mundial Organismes Internacionals Organitzacions Pobresa Energètica Salut Salut Mental Serveis Socials Treball Vivenda
2017 |
Pareja-Eastaway, Montserrat ; S{á}nchez-Mart{í}nez, Teresa Social housing in Spain: what role does the private rented market play? Artículo de revista Journal of Housing and the Built Environment, 32 (2), pp. 377–395, 2017, ISSN: 1566-4910. Resumen | Enlaces | BibTeX | Etiquetas: Crisi Econòmica, Habitatge @article{Pareja-Eastaway2017, title = {Social housing in Spain: what role does the private rented market play?}, author = {Pareja-Eastaway, Montserrat and S{á}nchez-Mart{í}nez, Teresa}, url = {http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10901-016-9513-6}, doi = {10.1007/s10901-016-9513-6}, issn = {1566-4910}, year = {2017}, date = {2017-06-01}, journal = {Journal of Housing and the Built Environment}, volume = {32}, number = {2}, pages = {377--395}, abstract = {textcopyright 2016, Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht.The global economic and financial crisis has hit the Spanish economy hard, creating an unstable framework for employment and growth. Since 2007, housing markets have been deeply affected by the crisis. The private rented market has exhibited two specific consequences: on the one hand, the bursting of the real estate bubble has inhibited profit gains in the homeownership sector, providing better incentives to operate in the rented market. On the other hand, huge social conflict has emerged in relation to the lack of proper shelter for certain households which can be seen in the increase in evictions and in homelessness. We want to focus on the latter: since Spain lacks a critical mass of social housing, low-income households have been attracted by the private rented sector, particularly during expansion periods, as quite often there is no available (and affordable) alternative. In periods of economic recession, the substantial pressure that rents put on the financial situation of these households might even cause them to move out of their homes. The hypothesis we will test in this paper is that private rented markets fill several aspects of the role of social housing provision in Spain reinforcing the negative effects the lack of social housing creates in the country, highly visible during recession periods.}, keywords = {Crisi Econòmica, Habitatge}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } textcopyright 2016, Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht.The global economic and financial crisis has hit the Spanish economy hard, creating an unstable framework for employment and growth. Since 2007, housing markets have been deeply affected by the crisis. The private rented market has exhibited two specific consequences: on the one hand, the bursting of the real estate bubble has inhibited profit gains in the homeownership sector, providing better incentives to operate in the rented market. On the other hand, huge social conflict has emerged in relation to the lack of proper shelter for certain households which can be seen in the increase in evictions and in homelessness. We want to focus on the latter: since Spain lacks a critical mass of social housing, low-income households have been attracted by the private rented sector, particularly during expansion periods, as quite often there is no available (and affordable) alternative. In periods of economic recession, the substantial pressure that rents put on the financial situation of these households might even cause them to move out of their homes. The hypothesis we will test in this paper is that private rented markets fill several aspects of the role of social housing provision in Spain reinforcing the negative effects the lack of social housing creates in the country, highly visible during recession periods. |
de España, Banco Encuesta Financiera de las Familias (EFF) 2014: métodos, resultados y cambios desde 2011 Libro 2017. Resumen | Enlaces | BibTeX | Etiquetas: Afers Socials, Crisi Econòmica, Espanya, Informes @book{banco_de_espana_encuesta_2017, title = {Encuesta Financiera de las Familias (EFF) 2014: métodos, resultados y cambios desde 2011}, author = {Banco de España}, url = {http://www.bde.es/f/webbde/SES/Secciones/Publicaciones/InformesBoletinesRevistas/ArticulosAnaliticos/2017/T1/fich/beaa1701-art2.pdf}, year = {2017}, date = {2017-01-01}, abstract = {En este artículo se presentan los resultados principales de la Encuesta Financiera de las Familias 2014, que muestran la situación financiera de los hogares españoles a finales de ese año. Asimismo, se describen los cambios más relevantes ocurridos en el período comprendido entre finales de 2011 y finales de 2014.}, keywords = {Afers Socials, Crisi Econòmica, Espanya, Informes}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {book} } En este artículo se presentan los resultados principales de la Encuesta Financiera de las Familias 2014, que muestran la situación financiera de los hogares españoles a finales de ese año. Asimismo, se describen los cambios más relevantes ocurridos en el período comprendido entre finales de 2011 y finales de 2014. |
2016 |
L{ó}pez-Andreu, Mart{í} ; Verd, Joan Miquel Employment instability and economic crisis in Spain: what are the elements that make a difference in the trajectories of younger adults? Artículo de revista European Societies, 18 (4), pp. 315–335, 2016, ISSN: 1461-6696. Resumen | Enlaces | BibTeX | Etiquetas: Crisi Econòmica, Treball @article{Lopez-Andreu2016, title = {Employment instability and economic crisis in Spain: what are the elements that make a difference in the trajectories of younger adults?}, author = {L{ó}pez-Andreu, Mart{í} and Verd, Joan Miquel}, url = {http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/14616696.2016.1207791}, doi = {10.1080/14616696.2016.1207791}, issn = {1461-6696}, year = {2016}, date = {2016-08-01}, journal = {European Societies}, volume = {18}, number = {4}, pages = {315--335}, abstract = {textcopyright 2016 European Sociological Association.The article analyses the factors that have had a differential effect on the labour trajectories of individuals up to 40 years old during the economic and employment crisis in Spain. To this end, the study specifically examines labour trajectories in the period 2007–2011 using data from a longitudinal panel for Catalonia. First, it uses cluster analysis to classify the types of labour trajectory that were developed by the population aged under 40. Second, it uses a multinomial logit model to distinguish the individual, sectoral and familial characteristics influencing the development of a particular trajectory. The results show the importance of traditional lines of segmentation of the Spanish labour market, such as age and gender. However, they also highlight the importance of variables associated to social background (parents' educational level and occupation). It is concluded that the factors linked to the different types of labour trajectories are similar to those identified in the literature for previous periods, although the role of family background seems to be more important than in the past, especially in trajectories marked by temporary employment.}, keywords = {Crisi Econòmica, Treball}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } textcopyright 2016 European Sociological Association.The article analyses the factors that have had a differential effect on the labour trajectories of individuals up to 40 years old during the economic and employment crisis in Spain. To this end, the study specifically examines labour trajectories in the period 2007–2011 using data from a longitudinal panel for Catalonia. First, it uses cluster analysis to classify the types of labour trajectory that were developed by the population aged under 40. Second, it uses a multinomial logit model to distinguish the individual, sectoral and familial characteristics influencing the development of a particular trajectory. The results show the importance of traditional lines of segmentation of the Spanish labour market, such as age and gender. However, they also highlight the importance of variables associated to social background (parents' educational level and occupation). It is concluded that the factors linked to the different types of labour trajectories are similar to those identified in the literature for previous periods, although the role of family background seems to be more important than in the past, especially in trajectories marked by temporary employment. |
Regidor, Enrique; Vallejo, Fernando; Granados, José A.Tapia; Viciana-Fernández, Francisco J; de la Fuente, Luis; Barrio, Gregorio Mortality decrease according to socioeconomic groups during the economic crisis in Spain: a cohort study of 36 million people Artículo de revista The Lancet, 388 (10060), 2016, ISSN: 1474547X. Resumen | Enlaces | BibTeX | Etiquetas: Crisi Econòmica, Espanya, Salut @article{regidor_mortality_2016, title = {Mortality decrease according to socioeconomic groups during the economic crisis in Spain: a cohort study of 36 million people}, author = {Enrique Regidor and Fernando Vallejo and José A.Tapia Granados and Francisco J Viciana-Fernández and Luis de la Fuente and Gregorio Barrio}, doi = {10.1016/S0140-6736(16)30446-9}, issn = {1474547X}, year = {2016}, date = {2016-01-01}, journal = {The Lancet}, volume = {388}, number = {10060}, abstract = {Background Studies of the effect of macroeconomic fluctuations on mortality in different socioeconomic groups are scarce and have yielded mixed findings. We analyse mortality trends in Spain before and during the Great Recession in different socioeconomic groups, quantifying the change within each group. Methods We did a nationwide prospective study, in which we took data from the 2001 Census. All people living in Spain on Nov 1, 2001, were followed up until Dec 31, 2011. We included 35 951 354 people alive in 2001 who were aged between 10 and 74 years in each one of the four calendar years before the economic crisis (from 2004 to 2007) and in each one of the first four calendar years of the crisis (from 2008 to 2011), and analysed all-cause and cause-specific mortality in those people. We classified individuals by socioeconomic status (low, medium, or high) using two indicators of household wealth: household floor space (textbackslashtextless72 m2, 72–104 m2, and textbackslashtextgreater104 m2) and number of cars owned by the residents of the household (none, one, and two or more). We used Poisson regression to calculate the annual percentage reduction (APR) in mortality rates during 2004–07 (pre-crisis) and 2008–11 (crisis) in each socioeconomic group, as well as the effect size, measured by the APR difference between the pre-crisis and crisis period. Findings The annual decline in all-cause mortality in the three socioeconomic groups was 1·7% (95% CI 1·2 to 2·1) for the low group, 1·7% (1·3 to 2·1) for the medium group, and 2·0% (1·4 to 2·5) for the high group in 2004–07, and 3·0% (2·5 to 3·5) for the low group, 2·8% (2·5 to 3·2) for the medium group, and 2·1% (1·6 to 2·7) for the high group in 2008–11 when individuals were classified by household floor space. The annual decline in all-cause mortality when people were classified by number of cars owned by the household was 0·3% (–0·1 to 0·8) for the low group, 1·6% (1·2 to 2·0) for the medium group, and 2·2% (1·6 to 2·8) for the high group in 2004–07, and 2·3% (1·8 to 2·8) for the low group, 2·4% (2·0 to 2·7) for the medium group and 2·5% (1·9 to 3·0) for the high group in 2008–11. The low socioeconomic group showed the largest effect size for both wealth indicators. Interpretation In Spain, probably due to the decrease in exposure to risk factors, all-cause mortality decreased more during the economic crisis than before the economic crisis, especially in low socioeconomic groups. Funding None.}, keywords = {Crisi Econòmica, Espanya, Salut}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Background Studies of the effect of macroeconomic fluctuations on mortality in different socioeconomic groups are scarce and have yielded mixed findings. We analyse mortality trends in Spain before and during the Great Recession in different socioeconomic groups, quantifying the change within each group. Methods We did a nationwide prospective study, in which we took data from the 2001 Census. All people living in Spain on Nov 1, 2001, were followed up until Dec 31, 2011. We included 35 951 354 people alive in 2001 who were aged between 10 and 74 years in each one of the four calendar years before the economic crisis (from 2004 to 2007) and in each one of the first four calendar years of the crisis (from 2008 to 2011), and analysed all-cause and cause-specific mortality in those people. We classified individuals by socioeconomic status (low, medium, or high) using two indicators of household wealth: household floor space (textbackslashtextless72 m2, 72–104 m2, and textbackslashtextgreater104 m2) and number of cars owned by the residents of the household (none, one, and two or more). We used Poisson regression to calculate the annual percentage reduction (APR) in mortality rates during 2004–07 (pre-crisis) and 2008–11 (crisis) in each socioeconomic group, as well as the effect size, measured by the APR difference between the pre-crisis and crisis period. Findings The annual decline in all-cause mortality in the three socioeconomic groups was 1·7% (95% CI 1·2 to 2·1) for the low group, 1·7% (1·3 to 2·1) for the medium group, and 2·0% (1·4 to 2·5) for the high group in 2004–07, and 3·0% (2·5 to 3·5) for the low group, 2·8% (2·5 to 3·2) for the medium group, and 2·1% (1·6 to 2·7) for the high group in 2008–11 when individuals were classified by household floor space. The annual decline in all-cause mortality when people were classified by number of cars owned by the household was 0·3% (–0·1 to 0·8) for the low group, 1·6% (1·2 to 2·0) for the medium group, and 2·2% (1·6 to 2·8) for the high group in 2004–07, and 2·3% (1·8 to 2·8) for the low group, 2·4% (2·0 to 2·7) for the medium group and 2·5% (1·9 to 3·0) for the high group in 2008–11. The low socioeconomic group showed the largest effect size for both wealth indicators. Interpretation In Spain, probably due to the decrease in exposure to risk factors, all-cause mortality decreased more during the economic crisis than before the economic crisis, especially in low socioeconomic groups. Funding None. |
Córdoba-Doña, Juan Antonio; Escolar-Pujolar, Antonio; Sebastián, Miguel San; Gustafsson, Per E How are the employed and unemployed affected by the economic crisis in Spain? Educational inequalities, life conditions and mental health in a context of high unemployment. Artículo de revista BMC public health, 16 (1), 2016, ISSN: 1471-2458. Resumen | Enlaces | BibTeX | Etiquetas: Crisi Econòmica, Espanya, Salut Mental, Treball @article{cordoba-dona_how_2016, title = {How are the employed and unemployed affected by the economic crisis in Spain? Educational inequalities, life conditions and mental health in a context of high unemployment.}, author = {Juan Antonio Córdoba-Doña and Antonio Escolar-Pujolar and Miguel San Sebastián and Per E Gustafsson}, doi = {10.1186/s12889-016-2934-z}, issn = {1471-2458}, year = {2016}, date = {2016-01-01}, journal = {BMC public health}, volume = {16}, number = {1}, abstract = {BACKGROUND: Despite an increasing number of studies on the factors mediating the impact of the economic recession on mental health, research beyond the individual employment status is scarce. Our objectives were to investigate in which ways the mental health of employed and unemployed populations is differently affected by the current economic recession along the educational scale and to examine whether financial strain and social support explain these effects of the crisis.$textbackslashbackslash$n$textbackslashbackslash$nMETHODS: A repeated cross-sectional study, using two waves of the Andalusian Health Survey in 2007 (pre-crisis) and 2011-2012 (crisis). A population aged between 19 and 64 years was selected. The dependent variable was the Mental Component Summary of the SF-12 questionnaire. We performed Poisson regression models stratified by working status, with period, educational level, financial strain and social support as independent variables. We examined interactions between period and educational level. Age, sex, main earner, cohabitation and partner's working status were considered as covariates.$textbackslashbackslash$n$textbackslashbackslash$nRESULTS: The study included 3210 individuals (1185 women) in 2007 and 3633 individuals (1486 women) in 2011-2012. In working individuals the prevalence of poor mental health increased for secondary and complete primary studies groups during crisis compared to the pre-crisis period, while it decreased significantly in the university study group (PR = 0.76, 95 % CI: 0.58-0.99). However, in unemployed individuals prevalence ratios for poor mental health increased significantly only in the secondary studies group (PR = 1.73, 95 % CI: 1.06-2.83). Financial strain and social support yielded consistent associations with mental health in all subgroups. Only financial strain could partly explain the crisis effect on mental health among the unemployed.$textbackslashbackslash$n$textbackslashbackslash$nCONCLUSIONS: Our study supports the finding that current economic recession is associated with poorer mental health differentially according to labour market status and educational level. Those with secondary studies may be at risk in times of economic recession. In connection with this, emerging educational inequalities in mental health among the employed population were observed. Our research also suggests a partial mediating role of financial strain for the effects of crisis on poor mental health among the unemployed. Good social support appears to buffer poor mental health in all subgroups but not specifically during crisis period.}, keywords = {Crisi Econòmica, Espanya, Salut Mental, Treball}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } BACKGROUND: Despite an increasing number of studies on the factors mediating the impact of the economic recession on mental health, research beyond the individual employment status is scarce. Our objectives were to investigate in which ways the mental health of employed and unemployed populations is differently affected by the current economic recession along the educational scale and to examine whether financial strain and social support explain these effects of the crisis.$textbackslashbackslash$n$textbackslashbackslash$nMETHODS: A repeated cross-sectional study, using two waves of the Andalusian Health Survey in 2007 (pre-crisis) and 2011-2012 (crisis). A population aged between 19 and 64 years was selected. The dependent variable was the Mental Component Summary of the SF-12 questionnaire. We performed Poisson regression models stratified by working status, with period, educational level, financial strain and social support as independent variables. We examined interactions between period and educational level. Age, sex, main earner, cohabitation and partner's working status were considered as covariates.$textbackslashbackslash$n$textbackslashbackslash$nRESULTS: The study included 3210 individuals (1185 women) in 2007 and 3633 individuals (1486 women) in 2011-2012. In working individuals the prevalence of poor mental health increased for secondary and complete primary studies groups during crisis compared to the pre-crisis period, while it decreased significantly in the university study group (PR = 0.76, 95 % CI: 0.58-0.99). However, in unemployed individuals prevalence ratios for poor mental health increased significantly only in the secondary studies group (PR = 1.73, 95 % CI: 1.06-2.83). Financial strain and social support yielded consistent associations with mental health in all subgroups. Only financial strain could partly explain the crisis effect on mental health among the unemployed.$textbackslashbackslash$n$textbackslashbackslash$nCONCLUSIONS: Our study supports the finding that current economic recession is associated with poorer mental health differentially according to labour market status and educational level. Those with secondary studies may be at risk in times of economic recession. In connection with this, emerging educational inequalities in mental health among the employed population were observed. Our research also suggests a partial mediating role of financial strain for the effects of crisis on poor mental health among the unemployed. Good social support appears to buffer poor mental health in all subgroups but not specifically during crisis period. |
Maynou, Laia; Saez, Marc; Lopez-Casasnovas, Guillem Has the economic crisis widened the intraurban socioeconomic inequalities in mortality? The case of Barcelona, Spain Artículo de revista Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health, 70 (2), pp. 114–124, 2016, ISSN: 0143-005X. Enlaces | BibTeX | Etiquetas: Afers Socials, Catalunya, Crisi Econòmica, Salut @article{maynou_has_2016, title = {Has the economic crisis widened the intraurban socioeconomic inequalities in mortality? The case of Barcelona, Spain}, author = {Laia Maynou and Marc Saez and Guillem Lopez-Casasnovas}, url = {http://jech.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/jech-2013-203447}, doi = {10.1136/jech-2013-203447}, issn = {0143-005X}, year = {2016}, date = {2016-01-01}, journal = {Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health}, volume = {70}, number = {2}, pages = {114--124}, keywords = {Afers Socials, Catalunya, Crisi Econòmica, Salut}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } |
2015 |
Pelegrí Viaña, Xavier ; Lapresta Rey, Cecilio ; Allepuz Capdevila, Rafael ; Enciso Rodríguez, Pere Els Professionals dels serveis bàsics en temps de crisi Artículo de revista Revista de Treball Social, (204), pp. 125–135, 2015, ISSN: 0212-7210. Resumen | Enlaces | BibTeX | Etiquetas: Crisi Econòmica, Serveis Socials @article{pelegri_viana_els_1969, title = {Els Professionals dels serveis bàsics en temps de crisi}, author = {Pelegrí Viaña, Xavier and Lapresta Rey, Cecilio and Allepuz Capdevila, Rafael and Enciso Rodríguez, Pere}, url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/48667}, issn = {0212-7210}, year = {2015}, date = {2015-07-27}, journal = {Revista de Treball Social}, number = {204}, pages = {125--135}, abstract = {Aquest article neix d'un estudi molt més ampli que porta per títol Nova i vella pobresa a les comarques de Lleida. Percepció des dels serveis socials.5 D'entre les vari- ables que s'hi van estudiar entorn de les conseqüències que està comportant la recessió econòmica, aquí retem compte dels aspectes que toquen més de prop els professionals6 de primera línia: com veuen la situació, com els afecta, amb quines estratègies l'afronten, etcètera. Davant el molt que ja s'ha escrit sobre l'afectació de la crisi en l'àmbit social i el posicionament dels professionals dels serveis socials, aquest article aporta una mirada més empírica, producte de la participació de més de 60 professionals que treballen sobre el territori i que, a més, recull majoritàriament la idiosincràsia del medi rural, de treball més dispers, dut a terme per uns equips més petits i amb menys}, keywords = {Crisi Econòmica, Serveis Socials}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Aquest article neix d'un estudi molt més ampli que porta per títol Nova i vella pobresa a les comarques de Lleida. Percepció des dels serveis socials.5 D'entre les vari- ables que s'hi van estudiar entorn de les conseqüències que està comportant la recessió econòmica, aquí retem compte dels aspectes que toquen més de prop els professionals6 de primera línia: com veuen la situació, com els afecta, amb quines estratègies l'afronten, etcètera. Davant el molt que ja s'ha escrit sobre l'afectació de la crisi en l'àmbit social i el posicionament dels professionals dels serveis socials, aquest article aporta una mirada més empírica, producte de la participació de més de 60 professionals que treballen sobre el territori i que, a més, recull majoritàriament la idiosincràsia del medi rural, de treball més dispers, dut a terme per uns equips més petits i amb menys |
Alonso Calderón, Xavier ; Pajares Alonso, Miguel ; Recolons Arquer, Lluís Inmigración y crisis en España Libro Fundació Migra Studium, Barcelona, 2015. Enlaces | BibTeX | Etiquetas: Crisi Econòmica, Immigrants @book{alonso_calderon_inmigracion_2015, title = {Inmigración y crisis en España}, author = {Alonso Calderón, Xavier and Pajares Alonso, Miguel and Recolons Arquer, Lluís}, url = {http://www.migrastudium.org/doc/LR_MP_XA_CAST 07042015-1429539344.pdf}, year = {2015}, date = {2015-01-01}, publisher = {Fundació Migra Studium}, address = {Barcelona}, keywords = {Crisi Econòmica, Immigrants}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {book} } |
Urbanos-Garrido, Rosa M; Lopez-Valcarcel, Beatriz G The influence of the economic crisis on the association between unemployment and health: an empirical analysis for Spain Artículo de revista The European journal of health economics : HEPAC : health economics in prevention and care, 16 (2), 2015, ISSN: 16187601. Resumen | Enlaces | BibTeX | Etiquetas: Crisi Econòmica, Salut, Treball @article{urbanos-garrido_influence_2015, title = {The influence of the economic crisis on the association between unemployment and health: an empirical analysis for Spain}, author = {Rosa M Urbanos-Garrido and Beatriz G Lopez-Valcarcel}, doi = {10.1007/s10198-014-0563-y}, issn = {16187601}, year = {2015}, date = {2015-01-01}, journal = {The European journal of health economics : HEPAC : health economics in prevention and care}, volume = {16}, number = {2}, abstract = {OBJECTIVES: To estimate the impact of (particularly long-term) unemployment on the overall and mental health of the Spanish working-age population and to check whether the effects of unemployment on health have increased or been tempered as a consequence of the economic crisis. METHODS: We apply a matching technique to cross-sectional microdata from the Spanish Health Survey for the years 2006 and 2011-2012 to estimate the average treatment effect of unemployment on self-assessed health (SAH) in the last year, mental problems in the last year and on the mental health risk in the short term. We also use a differences-in-differences estimation method between the two periods to check if the impact of unemployment on health depends on the economic context. RESULTS: Unemployment has a significant negative impact on both SAH and mental health. This impact is particularly high for the long-term unemployed. With respect to the impact on mental health, negative effects significantly worsen with the economic crisis. For the full model, the changes in effects of long-term unemployment on mental problems and mental health risk are, respectively, 0.35 (CI 0.19-0.50) and 0.20 (CI 0.07-0.34). CONCLUSIONS: Anxiety and stress about the future associated with unemployment could have a large impact on individuals' health. It may be necessary to prevent health deterioration in vulnerable groups such as the unemployed, and also to monitor specific health risks that arise in recessions, such as psychological problems.}, keywords = {Crisi Econòmica, Salut, Treball}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } OBJECTIVES: To estimate the impact of (particularly long-term) unemployment on the overall and mental health of the Spanish working-age population and to check whether the effects of unemployment on health have increased or been tempered as a consequence of the economic crisis. METHODS: We apply a matching technique to cross-sectional microdata from the Spanish Health Survey for the years 2006 and 2011-2012 to estimate the average treatment effect of unemployment on self-assessed health (SAH) in the last year, mental problems in the last year and on the mental health risk in the short term. We also use a differences-in-differences estimation method between the two periods to check if the impact of unemployment on health depends on the economic context. RESULTS: Unemployment has a significant negative impact on both SAH and mental health. This impact is particularly high for the long-term unemployed. With respect to the impact on mental health, negative effects significantly worsen with the economic crisis. For the full model, the changes in effects of long-term unemployment on mental problems and mental health risk are, respectively, 0.35 (CI 0.19-0.50) and 0.20 (CI 0.07-0.34). CONCLUSIONS: Anxiety and stress about the future associated with unemployment could have a large impact on individuals' health. It may be necessary to prevent health deterioration in vulnerable groups such as the unemployed, and also to monitor specific health risks that arise in recessions, such as psychological problems. |
Gotsens, Mercè; Malmusi, Davide; Villarroel, Nazmy; Vives-Cases, Carmen; Garcia-Subirats, Irene; Hernando, Cristina; Borrell, Carme Health inequality between immigrants and natives in Spain: The loss of the healthy immigrant effect in times of economic crisis Artículo de revista European Journal of Public Health, 25 (6), 2015, ISSN: 1464360X. Resumen | Enlaces | BibTeX | Etiquetas: Crisi Econòmica, Espanya, Immigrants, Salut @article{gotsens_health_2015, title = {Health inequality between immigrants and natives in Spain: The loss of the healthy immigrant effect in times of economic crisis}, author = {Mercè Gotsens and Davide Malmusi and Nazmy Villarroel and Carmen Vives-Cases and Irene Garcia-Subirats and Cristina Hernando and Carme Borrell}, doi = {10.1093/eurpub/ckv126}, issn = {1464360X}, year = {2015}, date = {2015-01-01}, journal = {European Journal of Public Health}, volume = {25}, number = {6}, abstract = {BACKGROUND: The immigrant population living in Spain grew exponentially in the early 2000s but has been particularly affected by the economic crisis. This study aims to analyse health inequalities between immigrants born in middle- or low-income countries and natives in Spain, in 2006 and 2012, taking into account gender, year of arrival and socioeconomic exposures.$textbackslashbackslash$n$textbackslashbackslash$nMETHODS: Study of trends using two cross-sections, the 2006 and 2012 editions of the Spanish National Health Survey, including residents in Spain aged 15-64 years (20 810 natives and 2950 immigrants in 2006, 14 291 natives and 2448 immigrants in 2012). Fair/poor self-rated health, poor mental health (GHQ-12 textbackslashtextgreater 2), chronic activity limitation and use of psychotropic drugs were compared between natives and immigrants who arrived in Spain before 2006, adjusting robust Poisson regression models for age and socioeconomic variables to obtain prevalence ratios (PR) and 95% confidence interval (CI).$textbackslashbackslash$n$textbackslashbackslash$nRESULTS: Inequalities in poor self-rated health between immigrants and natives tend to increase among women (age-adjusted PR2006 = 1.39; 95% CI: 1.24-1.56}, keywords = {Crisi Econòmica, Espanya, Immigrants, Salut}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } BACKGROUND: The immigrant population living in Spain grew exponentially in the early 2000s but has been particularly affected by the economic crisis. This study aims to analyse health inequalities between immigrants born in middle- or low-income countries and natives in Spain, in 2006 and 2012, taking into account gender, year of arrival and socioeconomic exposures.$textbackslashbackslash$n$textbackslashbackslash$nMETHODS: Study of trends using two cross-sections, the 2006 and 2012 editions of the Spanish National Health Survey, including residents in Spain aged 15-64 years (20 810 natives and 2950 immigrants in 2006, 14 291 natives and 2448 immigrants in 2012). Fair/poor self-rated health, poor mental health (GHQ-12 textbackslashtextgreater 2), chronic activity limitation and use of psychotropic drugs were compared between natives and immigrants who arrived in Spain before 2006, adjusting robust Poisson regression models for age and socioeconomic variables to obtain prevalence ratios (PR) and 95% confidence interval (CI).$textbackslashbackslash$n$textbackslashbackslash$nRESULTS: Inequalities in poor self-rated health between immigrants and natives tend to increase among women (age-adjusted PR2006 = 1.39; 95% CI: 1.24-1.56 |
2014 |
Robert, Gemma; Martinez, J M; Garcia, A M; Benavides, Fernando G; Ronda, Elena From the boom to the crisis: changes in employment conditions of immigrants in Spain and their effects on mental health Artículo de revista The European Journal of Public Health, 24 (3), pp. 404–409, 2014, ISSN: 1101-1262. Resumen | Enlaces | BibTeX | Etiquetas: Crisi Econòmica, Espanya, Immigrants, Treball @article{robert_boom_2014, title = {From the boom to the crisis: changes in employment conditions of immigrants in Spain and their effects on mental health}, author = {Gemma Robert and J M Martinez and A M Garcia and Fernando G Benavides and Elena Ronda}, url = {https://academic.oup.com/eurpub/article-lookup/doi/10.1093/eurpub/cku020}, doi = {10.1093/eurpub/cku020}, issn = {1101-1262}, year = {2014}, date = {2014-06-01}, journal = {The European Journal of Public Health}, volume = {24}, number = {3}, pages = {404--409}, abstract = {BACKGROUND: Migrant workers have been one of the groups most affected by the economic crisis. This study evaluates the influence of changes in employment conditions on the incidence of poor mental health of immigrant workers in Spain, after a period of 3 years, in context of economic crisis.$textbackslashbackslash$n$textbackslashbackslash$nMETHODS: Follow-up survey was conducted at two time points, 2008 and 2011, with a reference population of 318 workers from Colombia, Ecuador, Morocco and Romania residing in Spain. Individuals from this population who reported good mental health in the 2008 survey (n = 214) were interviewed again in 2011 to evaluate their mental health status and the effects of their different employment situations since 2008 by calculating crude and adjusted odds ratios (aORs) for sociodemographic and employment characteristics.$textbackslashbackslash$n$textbackslashbackslash$nFINDINGS: There was an increased risk of poor mental health in workers who lost their jobs (aOR = 3.62, 95%CI: 1.64-7.96), whose number of working hours increased (aOR = 2.35, 95%CI: 1.02-5.44), whose monthly income decreased (aOR = 2.75, 95%CI: 1.08-7.00) or who remained within the low-income bracket. This was also the case for people whose legal status (permission for working and residing in Spain) was temporary or permanent compared with those with Spanish nationality (aOR = 3.32, 95%CI: 1.15-9.58) or illegal (aOR = 17.34, 95%CI: 1.96-153.23). In contrast, a decreased risk was observed among those who attained their registration under Spanish Social Security system (aOR = 0.10, 95%CI: 0.02-0.48).$textbackslashbackslash$n$textbackslashbackslash$nCONCLUSION: There was an increase in poor mental health among immigrant workers who experienced deterioration in their employment conditions, probably influenced by the economic crisis.}, keywords = {Crisi Econòmica, Espanya, Immigrants, Treball}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } BACKGROUND: Migrant workers have been one of the groups most affected by the economic crisis. This study evaluates the influence of changes in employment conditions on the incidence of poor mental health of immigrant workers in Spain, after a period of 3 years, in context of economic crisis.$textbackslashbackslash$n$textbackslashbackslash$nMETHODS: Follow-up survey was conducted at two time points, 2008 and 2011, with a reference population of 318 workers from Colombia, Ecuador, Morocco and Romania residing in Spain. Individuals from this population who reported good mental health in the 2008 survey (n = 214) were interviewed again in 2011 to evaluate their mental health status and the effects of their different employment situations since 2008 by calculating crude and adjusted odds ratios (aORs) for sociodemographic and employment characteristics.$textbackslashbackslash$n$textbackslashbackslash$nFINDINGS: There was an increased risk of poor mental health in workers who lost their jobs (aOR = 3.62, 95%CI: 1.64-7.96), whose number of working hours increased (aOR = 2.35, 95%CI: 1.02-5.44), whose monthly income decreased (aOR = 2.75, 95%CI: 1.08-7.00) or who remained within the low-income bracket. This was also the case for people whose legal status (permission for working and residing in Spain) was temporary or permanent compared with those with Spanish nationality (aOR = 3.32, 95%CI: 1.15-9.58) or illegal (aOR = 17.34, 95%CI: 1.96-153.23). In contrast, a decreased risk was observed among those who attained their registration under Spanish Social Security system (aOR = 0.10, 95%CI: 0.02-0.48).$textbackslashbackslash$n$textbackslashbackslash$nCONCLUSION: There was an increase in poor mental health among immigrant workers who experienced deterioration in their employment conditions, probably influenced by the economic crisis. |
Creu Roja, L'afectació de la crisi en la salut de les persones En línea 2014, visitado: 13.07.2017. Enlaces | BibTeX | Etiquetas: Crisi Econòmica, Salut @online{creu_roja_afectacio_2014, title = {L'afectació de la crisi en la salut de les persones}, author = {{Creu Roja}}, url = {http://www.creuroja.org/AP/cm/4733P242L8/L-afectacio-de-la-crisi-en-la-salut-de-les-persones—7e-estudi.aspx}, year = {2014}, date = {2014-01-01}, urldate = {2017-07-13}, keywords = {Crisi Econòmica, Salut}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {online} } |
Creu Roja, L'Impacte de la crisi en les persones majors de 45 anys En línea 2014, visitado: 18.07.2017. Enlaces | BibTeX | Etiquetas: Adults, Crisi Econòmica @online{creu_roja_impacte_2014, title = {L'Impacte de la crisi en les persones majors de 45 anys}, author = {{Creu Roja}}, url = {http://www.creuroja.org/AP/cm/4343P242L8/L-impacte-de-la-crisi-en-les-persones-majors-de-45-anys—6e-estudi.aspx}, year = {2014}, date = {2014-01-01}, urldate = {2017-07-18}, keywords = {Adults, Crisi Econòmica}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {online} } |
Benedicto, Andreu Segura Recortes, austeridad y salud. Informe SESPAS 2014 Artículo de revista Gaceta Sanitaria, 28 (S1), pp. 7–11, 2014, ISSN: 02139111. Resumen | Enlaces | BibTeX | Etiquetas: Crisi Econòmica, Espanya, Salut @article{segura_benedicto_recortes_2014, title = {Recortes, austeridad y salud. Informe SESPAS 2014}, author = {Andreu Segura Benedicto}, url = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0213911114000508}, doi = {10.1016/j.gaceta.2014.02.009}, issn = {02139111}, year = {2014}, date = {2014-01-01}, journal = {Gaceta Sanitaria}, volume = {28}, number = {S1}, pages = {7--11}, abstract = {Since 2009, the economic recession has led to cuts in spending on social welfare policy and in health care. The most important risks to health depend on negative changes in social determinants. Notable among these determinants are unemployment and the large proportion of people at risk of poverty, which affects 30% of children younger than 14 years. Social inequalities have increased significantly, much more than health inequalities, probably because the value of retirement pensions has been maintained until now. Most of the population is fairly satisfied with the public health system, although it is under considerable pressure. Mortality statistics have not been affected so far, but there has been an increase in mood disorders and mental health problems. Health services utilization has decreased and the number of publicly prescribed drugs has fallen dramatically. This restriction accounts for much of the decrease in public spending on health, since the hospital care budget has not decreased, despite the fall in primary care and public health spending. The crisis could encourage community health and the inclusion of health in all policies. It is the responsibility of professionals and public health institutions monitoring the trend in health problems and their determinants to avoid irreversible situations as far as possible. © 2013 SESPAS.}, keywords = {Crisi Econòmica, Espanya, Salut}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Since 2009, the economic recession has led to cuts in spending on social welfare policy and in health care. The most important risks to health depend on negative changes in social determinants. Notable among these determinants are unemployment and the large proportion of people at risk of poverty, which affects 30% of children younger than 14 years. Social inequalities have increased significantly, much more than health inequalities, probably because the value of retirement pensions has been maintained until now. Most of the population is fairly satisfied with the public health system, although it is under considerable pressure. Mortality statistics have not been affected so far, but there has been an increase in mood disorders and mental health problems. Health services utilization has decreased and the number of publicly prescribed drugs has fallen dramatically. This restriction accounts for much of the decrease in public spending on health, since the hospital care budget has not decreased, despite the fall in primary care and public health spending. The crisis could encourage community health and the inclusion of health in all policies. It is the responsibility of professionals and public health institutions monitoring the trend in health problems and their determinants to avoid irreversible situations as far as possible. © 2013 SESPAS. |
Córdoba-Doña, Juan; Sebastián, Miguel San; Escolar-Pujolar, Antonio; Martínez-Faure, Jesús; Gustafsson, Per E Economic crisis and suicidal behaviour: the role of unemployment, sex and age in Andalusia, Southern Spain Artículo de revista International Journal for Equity in Health, 13 (1), 2014, ISSN: 1475-9276. Resumen | Enlaces | BibTeX | Etiquetas: Crisi Econòmica, Espanya, Salut Mental @article{cordoba-dona_economic_2014, title = {Economic crisis and suicidal behaviour: the role of unemployment, sex and age in Andalusia, Southern Spain}, author = {Juan Córdoba-Doña and Miguel San Sebastián and Antonio Escolar-Pujolar and Jesús Martínez-Faure and Per E Gustafsson}, doi = {10.1186/1475-9276-13-55}, issn = {1475-9276}, year = {2014}, date = {2014-01-01}, journal = {International Journal for Equity in Health}, volume = {13}, number = {1}, abstract = {INTRODUCTION: Although suicide rates have increased in some European countries in relation to the current economic crisis and austerity policies, that trend has not been observed in Spain. This study examines the impact of the economic crisis on suicide attempts, the previously neglected endpoint of the suicidal process, and its relation to unemployment, age and sex.$textbackslashbackslash$n$textbackslashbackslash$nMETHODS: The study was carried out in Andalusia, the most populated region of Spain, and which has a high level of unemployment. Information on suicide attempts attended by emergency services was extracted from the Health Emergencies Public Enterprise Information System (SIEPES). Suicide attempts occurring between 2003 and 2012 were included, in order to cover five years prior to the crisis (2003-2007) and five years after its onset (2008-2012). Information was retrieved from 24,380 cases (11,494 men and 12,886 women) on sex, age, address, and type of attention provided. Age-adjusted suicide attempt rates were calculated. Excess numbers of attempts from 2008 to 2012 were estimated for each sex using historical trends of the five previous years, through time regression models using negative binomial regression analysis. To assess the association between unemployment and suicide attempts rates, linear regression models with fixed effects were performed.$textbackslashbackslash$n$textbackslashbackslash$nRESULTS: A sharp increase in suicide attempt rates in Andalusia was detected after the onset of the crisis, both in men and in women. Adults aged 35 to 54 years were the most affected in both sexes. Suicide attempt rates were associated with unemployment rates in men, accounting for almost half of the cases during the five initial years of the crisis. Women were also affected during the recession period but this association could not be specifically attributed to unemployment.$textbackslashbackslash$n$textbackslashbackslash$nCONCLUSIONS: This study enhances our understanding of the potential effects of the economic crisis on the rapidly increasing suicide attempt rates in women and men, and the association of unemployment with growing suicidal behaviour in men. Research on the suicide effects of the economic crisis may need to take into account earlier stages of the suicidal process, and that this effect may differ by age and sex.}, keywords = {Crisi Econòmica, Espanya, Salut Mental}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } INTRODUCTION: Although suicide rates have increased in some European countries in relation to the current economic crisis and austerity policies, that trend has not been observed in Spain. This study examines the impact of the economic crisis on suicide attempts, the previously neglected endpoint of the suicidal process, and its relation to unemployment, age and sex.$textbackslashbackslash$n$textbackslashbackslash$nMETHODS: The study was carried out in Andalusia, the most populated region of Spain, and which has a high level of unemployment. Information on suicide attempts attended by emergency services was extracted from the Health Emergencies Public Enterprise Information System (SIEPES). Suicide attempts occurring between 2003 and 2012 were included, in order to cover five years prior to the crisis (2003-2007) and five years after its onset (2008-2012). Information was retrieved from 24,380 cases (11,494 men and 12,886 women) on sex, age, address, and type of attention provided. Age-adjusted suicide attempt rates were calculated. Excess numbers of attempts from 2008 to 2012 were estimated for each sex using historical trends of the five previous years, through time regression models using negative binomial regression analysis. To assess the association between unemployment and suicide attempts rates, linear regression models with fixed effects were performed.$textbackslashbackslash$n$textbackslashbackslash$nRESULTS: A sharp increase in suicide attempt rates in Andalusia was detected after the onset of the crisis, both in men and in women. Adults aged 35 to 54 years were the most affected in both sexes. Suicide attempt rates were associated with unemployment rates in men, accounting for almost half of the cases during the five initial years of the crisis. Women were also affected during the recession period but this association could not be specifically attributed to unemployment.$textbackslashbackslash$n$textbackslashbackslash$nCONCLUSIONS: This study enhances our understanding of the potential effects of the economic crisis on the rapidly increasing suicide attempt rates in women and men, and the association of unemployment with growing suicidal behaviour in men. Research on the suicide effects of the economic crisis may need to take into account earlier stages of the suicidal process, and that this effect may differ by age and sex. |
2013 |
Creu Roja, L'impacte de la crisi en la infància i l'entorn escolar En línea 2013, visitado: 18.07.2017. Enlaces | BibTeX | Etiquetas: Crisi Econòmica, Infants @online{creu_roja_impacte_2013, title = {L'impacte de la crisi en la infància i l'entorn escolar}, author = {{Creu Roja}}, url = {http://www.creuroja.org/AP/cm/3442P242L8/L-impacte-de-la-crisi-en-la-infancia-i-l-entorn-escolar—-4rt-estudi.aspx}, year = {2013}, date = {2013-01-01}, urldate = {2017-07-18}, keywords = {Crisi Econòmica, Infants}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {online} } |
Vives, Alejandra; Amable, Marcelo; Ferrer, Montserrat; Moncada, Salvador; Llorens, Clara; Muntaner, Carles; Benavides, Fernando G; Benach, Joan Employment precariousness and poor mental health: Evidence from spain on a new social determinant of health Artículo de revista Journal of Environmental and Public Health, 2013 , 2013, ISSN: 16879805. Resumen | Enlaces | BibTeX | Etiquetas: Crisi Econòmica, Espanya, Salut Mental @article{vives_employment_2013, title = {Employment precariousness and poor mental health: Evidence from spain on a new social determinant of health}, author = {Alejandra Vives and Marcelo Amable and Montserrat Ferrer and Salvador Moncada and Clara Llorens and Carles Muntaner and Fernando G Benavides and Joan Benach}, doi = {10.1155/2013/978656}, issn = {16879805}, year = {2013}, date = {2013-01-01}, journal = {Journal of Environmental and Public Health}, volume = {2013}, abstract = {BACKGROUND: Evidence on the health-damaging effects of precarious employment is limited by the use of one-dimensional approaches focused on employment instability. This study assesses the association between precarious employment and poor mental health using the multidimensional Employment Precariousness Scale.$textbackslashbackslash$n$textbackslashbackslash$nMETHODS: Cross-sectional study of 5679 temporary and permanent workers from the population-based Psychosocial Factors Survey was carried out in 2004-2005 in Spain. Poor mental health was defined as SF-36 mental health scores below the 25th percentile of the Spanish reference for each respondent's sex and age. Prevalence proportion ratios (PPRs) of poor mental health across quintiles of employment precariousness (reference: 1st quintile) were calculated with log-binomial regressions, separately for women and men.$textbackslashbackslash$n$textbackslashbackslash$nRESULTS: Crude PPRs showed a gradient association with poor mental health and remained generally unchanged after adjustments for age, immigrant status, socioeconomic position, and previous unemployment. Fully adjusted PPRs for the 5th quintile were 2.54 (95% CI: 1.95-3.31) for women and 2.23 (95% CI: 1.86-2.68) for men.$textbackslashbackslash$n$textbackslashbackslash$nCONCLUSION: The study finds a gradient association between employment precariousness and poor mental health, which was somewhat stronger among women, suggesting an interaction with gender-related power asymmetries. Further research is needed to strengthen the epidemiological evidence base and to inform labour market policy-making.}, keywords = {Crisi Econòmica, Espanya, Salut Mental}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } BACKGROUND: Evidence on the health-damaging effects of precarious employment is limited by the use of one-dimensional approaches focused on employment instability. This study assesses the association between precarious employment and poor mental health using the multidimensional Employment Precariousness Scale.$textbackslashbackslash$n$textbackslashbackslash$nMETHODS: Cross-sectional study of 5679 temporary and permanent workers from the population-based Psychosocial Factors Survey was carried out in 2004-2005 in Spain. Poor mental health was defined as SF-36 mental health scores below the 25th percentile of the Spanish reference for each respondent's sex and age. Prevalence proportion ratios (PPRs) of poor mental health across quintiles of employment precariousness (reference: 1st quintile) were calculated with log-binomial regressions, separately for women and men.$textbackslashbackslash$n$textbackslashbackslash$nRESULTS: Crude PPRs showed a gradient association with poor mental health and remained generally unchanged after adjustments for age, immigrant status, socioeconomic position, and previous unemployment. Fully adjusted PPRs for the 5th quintile were 2.54 (95% CI: 1.95-3.31) for women and 2.23 (95% CI: 1.86-2.68) for men.$textbackslashbackslash$n$textbackslashbackslash$nCONCLUSION: The study finds a gradient association between employment precariousness and poor mental health, which was somewhat stronger among women, suggesting an interaction with gender-related power asymmetries. Further research is needed to strengthen the epidemiological evidence base and to inform labour market policy-making. |
Martinez-Beneito, Miguel A; Zurriaga, Oscar; Botella-Rocamora, Paloma; Marí-Dell'Olmo, Marc; Nolasco, Andreu; Moncho, Joaquín; Daponte, Antonio; Domínguez-Berjón, Felicitas M; Gandarillas, Ana; Martos, Carmen; Montoya, Imanol; Sánchez-Villegas, Pablo; Taracido, Margarita; Borrell, Carme Do socioeconomic inequalities in mortality vary between different Spanish cities? a pooled cross-sectional analysis Artículo de revista BMC Public Health, 13 (1), 2013, ISSN: 1471-2458. Resumen | Enlaces | BibTeX | Etiquetas: Crisi Econòmica, Espanya, Salut @article{martinez-beneito_socioeconomic_2013, title = {Do socioeconomic inequalities in mortality vary between different Spanish cities? a pooled cross-sectional analysis}, author = {Miguel A Martinez-Beneito and Oscar Zurriaga and Paloma Botella-Rocamora and Marc Marí-Dell'Olmo and Andreu Nolasco and Joaquín Moncho and Antonio Daponte and Felicitas M Domínguez-Berjón and Ana Gandarillas and Carmen Martos and Imanol Montoya and Pablo Sánchez-Villegas and Margarita Taracido and Carme Borrell}, doi = {10.1186/1471-2458-13-480}, issn = {1471-2458}, year = {2013}, date = {2013-01-01}, journal = {BMC Public Health}, volume = {13}, number = {1}, abstract = {BACKGROUND: The relationship between deprivation and mortality in urban settings is well established. This relationship has been found for several causes of death in Spanish cities in independent analyses (the MEDEA project). However, no joint analysis which pools the strength of this relationship across several cities has ever been undertaken. Such an analysis would determine, if appropriate, a joint relationship by linking the associations found.$textbackslashbackslash$n$textbackslashbackslash$nMETHODS: A pooled cross-sectional analysis of the data from the MEDEA project has been carried out for each of the causes of death studied. Specifically, a meta-analysis has been carried out to pool the relative risks in eleven Spanish cities. Different deprivation-mortality relationships across the cities are considered in the analysis (fixed and random effects models). The size of the cities is also considered as a possible factor explaining differences between cities.$textbackslashbackslash$n$textbackslashbackslash$nRESULTS: Twenty studies have been carried out for different combinations of sex and causes of death. For nine of them (men: prostate cancer, diabetes, mental illnesses, Alzheimer's disease, cerebrovascular disease; women: diabetes, mental illnesses, respiratory diseases, cirrhosis) no differences were found between cities in the effect of deprivation on mortality; in four cases (men: respiratory diseases, all causes of mortality; women: breast cancer, Alzheimer's disease) differences not associated with the size of the city have been determined; in two cases (men: cirrhosis; women: lung cancer) differences strictly linked to the size of the city have been determined, and in five cases (men: lung cancer, ischaemic heart disease; women: ischaemic heart disease, cerebrovascular diseases, all causes of mortality) both kinds of differences have been found. Except for lung cancer in women, every significant relationship between deprivation and mortality goes in the same direction: deprivation increases mortality. Variability in the relative risks across cities was found for general mortality for both sexes.$textbackslashbackslash$n$textbackslashbackslash$nCONCLUSIONS: This study provides a general overview of the relationship between deprivation and mortality for a sample of large Spanish cities combined. This joint study allows the exploration of and, if appropriate, the quantification of the variability in that relationship for the set of cities considered.}, keywords = {Crisi Econòmica, Espanya, Salut}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } BACKGROUND: The relationship between deprivation and mortality in urban settings is well established. This relationship has been found for several causes of death in Spanish cities in independent analyses (the MEDEA project). However, no joint analysis which pools the strength of this relationship across several cities has ever been undertaken. Such an analysis would determine, if appropriate, a joint relationship by linking the associations found.$textbackslashbackslash$n$textbackslashbackslash$nMETHODS: A pooled cross-sectional analysis of the data from the MEDEA project has been carried out for each of the causes of death studied. Specifically, a meta-analysis has been carried out to pool the relative risks in eleven Spanish cities. Different deprivation-mortality relationships across the cities are considered in the analysis (fixed and random effects models). The size of the cities is also considered as a possible factor explaining differences between cities.$textbackslashbackslash$n$textbackslashbackslash$nRESULTS: Twenty studies have been carried out for different combinations of sex and causes of death. For nine of them (men: prostate cancer, diabetes, mental illnesses, Alzheimer's disease, cerebrovascular disease; women: diabetes, mental illnesses, respiratory diseases, cirrhosis) no differences were found between cities in the effect of deprivation on mortality; in four cases (men: respiratory diseases, all causes of mortality; women: breast cancer, Alzheimer's disease) differences not associated with the size of the city have been determined; in two cases (men: cirrhosis; women: lung cancer) differences strictly linked to the size of the city have been determined, and in five cases (men: lung cancer, ischaemic heart disease; women: ischaemic heart disease, cerebrovascular diseases, all causes of mortality) both kinds of differences have been found. Except for lung cancer in women, every significant relationship between deprivation and mortality goes in the same direction: deprivation increases mortality. Variability in the relative risks across cities was found for general mortality for both sexes.$textbackslashbackslash$n$textbackslashbackslash$nCONCLUSIONS: This study provides a general overview of the relationship between deprivation and mortality for a sample of large Spanish cities combined. This joint study allows the exploration of and, if appropriate, the quantification of the variability in that relationship for the set of cities considered. |
Gili, Margalida; Roca, Miquel; Basu, Sanjay; McKee, Martin; Stuckler, David The mental health risks of economic crisis in Spain: Evidence from primary care centres, 2006 and 2010 Artículo de revista European Journal of Public Health, 23 (1), 2013, ISSN: 11011262. Resumen | Enlaces | BibTeX | Etiquetas: Crisi Econòmica, Espanya, Salut Mental @article{gili_mental_2013, title = {The mental health risks of economic crisis in Spain: Evidence from primary care centres, 2006 and 2010}, author = {Margalida Gili and Miquel Roca and Sanjay Basu and Martin McKee and David Stuckler}, doi = {10.1093/eurpub/cks035}, issn = {11011262}, year = {2013}, date = {2013-01-01}, journal = {European Journal of Public Health}, volume = {23}, number = {1}, abstract = {BACKGROUND: Nearly all European countries have been affected by the economic crisis that began in 2007, but the consequences have been among the worst in Spain. We investigated the associations of the recession on the frequency of mood, anxiety, somatoform, alcohol-related and eating disorders among those visiting Spanish primary care settings. METHODS: Primary care physicians selected randomized samples of patients attending primary care centres representing Spain's consulting populations. A total of 7940 patients in 2006-07 and 5876 in 2010-11 were administered the Primary Care Evaluation of Mental Disorders (PRIME-MD) instrument to diagnose mental disorders. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to quantify overall changes in the frequency of mental disorders, adjusting for potential socio-demographic differences in consulting populations unrelated to economic factors. RESULTS: Compared with the pre-crisis period of 2006, the 2010 survey revealed substantial and significant increases in the proportion of patients with mood (19.4% in major depression), anxiety (8.4% in generalized anxiety disorder), somatoform (7.3%) and alcohol-related disorders (4.6% in alcohol dependence), all significant at P textbackslashtextless 0.001, but not in eating disorders (0.15%}, keywords = {Crisi Econòmica, Espanya, Salut Mental}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } BACKGROUND: Nearly all European countries have been affected by the economic crisis that began in 2007, but the consequences have been among the worst in Spain. We investigated the associations of the recession on the frequency of mood, anxiety, somatoform, alcohol-related and eating disorders among those visiting Spanish primary care settings. METHODS: Primary care physicians selected randomized samples of patients attending primary care centres representing Spain's consulting populations. A total of 7940 patients in 2006-07 and 5876 in 2010-11 were administered the Primary Care Evaluation of Mental Disorders (PRIME-MD) instrument to diagnose mental disorders. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to quantify overall changes in the frequency of mental disorders, adjusting for potential socio-demographic differences in consulting populations unrelated to economic factors. RESULTS: Compared with the pre-crisis period of 2006, the 2010 survey revealed substantial and significant increases in the proportion of patients with mood (19.4% in major depression), anxiety (8.4% in generalized anxiety disorder), somatoform (7.3%) and alcohol-related disorders (4.6% in alcohol dependence), all significant at P textbackslashtextless 0.001, but not in eating disorders (0.15% |
Bernal, James Lopez A; Gasparrini, Antonio; Artundo, Carlos M; McKee, Martin The effect of the late 2000s financial crisis on suicides in Spain: An interrupted time-series analysis Artículo de revista European Journal of Public Health, 23 (5), 2013, ISSN: 11011262. Resumen | Enlaces | BibTeX | Etiquetas: Crisi Econòmica, Salut Mental @article{lopez_bernal_effect_2013, title = {The effect of the late 2000s financial crisis on suicides in Spain: An interrupted time-series analysis}, author = {James A Lopez Bernal and Antonio Gasparrini and Carlos M Artundo and Martin McKee}, doi = {10.1093/eurpub/ckt083}, issn = {11011262}, year = {2013}, date = {2013-01-01}, journal = {European Journal of Public Health}, volume = {23}, number = {5}, abstract = {BACKGROUND: The current financial crisis is having a major impact on European economies, especially that of Spain. Past evidence suggests that adverse macro-economic conditions exacerbate mental illness, but evidence from the current crisis is limited. This study analyses the association between the financial crisis and suicide rates in Spain. METHODS: An interrupted time-series analysis of national suicides data between 2005 and 2010 was used to establish whether there has been any deviation in the underlying trend in suicide rates associated with the financial crisis. Segmented regression with a seasonally adjusted quasi-Poisson model was used for the analysis. Stratified analyses were performed to establish whether the effect of the crisis on suicides varied by region, sex and age group. RESULTS: The mean monthly suicide rate in Spain during the study period was 0.61 per 100 000 with an underlying trend of a 0.3% decrease per month. We found an 8.0% increase in the suicide rate above this underlying trend since the financial crisis (95% CI: 1.009-1.156; P = 0.03); this was robust to sensitivity analysis. A control analysis showed no change in deaths from accidental falls associated with the crisis. Stratified analyses suggested that the association between the crisis and suicide rates is greatest in the Mediterranean and Northern areas, in males and amongst those of working age. CONCLUSIONS: The financial crisis in Spain has been associated with a relative increase in suicides. Males and those of working age may be at particular risk of suicide associated with the crisis and may benefit from targeted interventions.}, keywords = {Crisi Econòmica, Salut Mental}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } BACKGROUND: The current financial crisis is having a major impact on European economies, especially that of Spain. Past evidence suggests that adverse macro-economic conditions exacerbate mental illness, but evidence from the current crisis is limited. This study analyses the association between the financial crisis and suicide rates in Spain. METHODS: An interrupted time-series analysis of national suicides data between 2005 and 2010 was used to establish whether there has been any deviation in the underlying trend in suicide rates associated with the financial crisis. Segmented regression with a seasonally adjusted quasi-Poisson model was used for the analysis. Stratified analyses were performed to establish whether the effect of the crisis on suicides varied by region, sex and age group. RESULTS: The mean monthly suicide rate in Spain during the study period was 0.61 per 100 000 with an underlying trend of a 0.3% decrease per month. We found an 8.0% increase in the suicide rate above this underlying trend since the financial crisis (95% CI: 1.009-1.156; P = 0.03); this was robust to sensitivity analysis. A control analysis showed no change in deaths from accidental falls associated with the crisis. Stratified analyses suggested that the association between the crisis and suicide rates is greatest in the Mediterranean and Northern areas, in males and amongst those of working age. CONCLUSIONS: The financial crisis in Spain has been associated with a relative increase in suicides. Males and those of working age may be at particular risk of suicide associated with the crisis and may benefit from targeted interventions. |
Karanikolos, Marina; Mladovsky, Philipa; Cylus, Jonathan; Thomson, Sarah; Basu, Sanjay; Stuckler, David; MacKenbach, Johan P; McKee, Martin Financial crisis, austerity, and health in Europe Artículo de revista The Lancet, 381 (9874), 2013, ISSN: 01406736. Resumen | Enlaces | BibTeX | Etiquetas: Crisi Econòmica, Salut @article{karanikolos_financial_2013, title = {Financial crisis, austerity, and health in Europe}, author = {Marina Karanikolos and Philipa Mladovsky and Jonathan Cylus and Sarah Thomson and Sanjay Basu and David Stuckler and Johan P MacKenbach and Martin McKee}, doi = {10.1016/S0140-6736(13)60102-6}, issn = {01406736}, year = {2013}, date = {2013-01-01}, journal = {The Lancet}, volume = {381}, number = {9874}, abstract = {The financial crisis in Europe has posed major threats and opportunities to health. We trace the origins of the economic crisis in Europe and the responses of governments, examine the effect on health systems, and review the effects of previous economic downturns on health to predict the likely consequences for the present. We then compare our predictions with available evidence for the effects of the crisis on health. Whereas immediate rises in suicides and falls in road traffic deaths were anticipated, other consequences, such as HIV outbreaks, were not, and are better understood as products of state retrenchment. Greece, Spain, and Portugal adopted strict fiscal austerity; their economies continue to recede and strain on their health-care systems is growing. Suicides and outbreaks of infectious diseases are becoming more common in these countries, and budget cuts have restricted access to health care. By contrast, Iceland rejected austerity through a popular vote, and the financial crisis seems to have had few or no discernible effects on health. Although there are many potentially confounding differences between countries, our analysis suggests that, although recessions pose risks to health, the interaction of fiscal austerity with economic shocks and weak social protection is what ultimately seems to escalate health and social crises in Europe. Policy decisions about how to respond to economic crises have pronounced and unintended effects on public health, yet public health voices have remained largely silent during the economic crisis.}, keywords = {Crisi Econòmica, Salut}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } The financial crisis in Europe has posed major threats and opportunities to health. We trace the origins of the economic crisis in Europe and the responses of governments, examine the effect on health systems, and review the effects of previous economic downturns on health to predict the likely consequences for the present. We then compare our predictions with available evidence for the effects of the crisis on health. Whereas immediate rises in suicides and falls in road traffic deaths were anticipated, other consequences, such as HIV outbreaks, were not, and are better understood as products of state retrenchment. Greece, Spain, and Portugal adopted strict fiscal austerity; their economies continue to recede and strain on their health-care systems is growing. Suicides and outbreaks of infectious diseases are becoming more common in these countries, and budget cuts have restricted access to health care. By contrast, Iceland rejected austerity through a popular vote, and the financial crisis seems to have had few or no discernible effects on health. Although there are many potentially confounding differences between countries, our analysis suggests that, although recessions pose risks to health, the interaction of fiscal austerity with economic shocks and weak social protection is what ultimately seems to escalate health and social crises in Europe. Policy decisions about how to respond to economic crises have pronounced and unintended effects on public health, yet public health voices have remained largely silent during the economic crisis. |
Roca, Miquel; Gili, Margarita; Garcia-Campayo, Javier; García-Toro, Mauro Economic crisis and mental health in Spain Artículo de revista The Lancet, 382 (9909), 2013, ISSN: 01406736. Resumen | Enlaces | BibTeX | Etiquetas: Crisi Econòmica, Espanya, Salut Mental @article{roca_economic_2013, title = {Economic crisis and mental health in Spain}, author = {Miquel Roca and Margarita Gili and Javier Garcia-Campayo and Mauro García-Toro}, doi = {10.1016/S0140-6736(13)62650-1}, issn = {01406736}, year = {2013}, date = {2013-01-01}, journal = {The Lancet}, volume = {382}, number = {9909}, abstract = {Many agree that economic crisis, unemployment, and low incomes are associated with poor health; and this might be particularly relevant for mental health.1 The economic crisis in Europe is particularly severe in Greece, Portugal, and Spain, and controversies have arisen around the consequences of the financial crisis on health and suicides rates. Fountoulakis and colleagues2 argued that there is no evidence to support a causal link between the financial crisis and suicide, questioning the reliability of the Greek official data on suicide rates. It is important to note that suicide rates in south European countries are lower than those in other European countries.3 Between 1997 and 2007, Spain's economy was one of the fastest growing in Europe. At present, 25% of Spanish people of working age are unemployed, the highest rate in Europe. According to the Spanish National Institute of Statistics suicide rates in Spain (table) decreased between 2008 and 2011. However, Lopez-Bernal and colleagues noted an increase of suicide in working-age men.4}, keywords = {Crisi Econòmica, Espanya, Salut Mental}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Many agree that economic crisis, unemployment, and low incomes are associated with poor health; and this might be particularly relevant for mental health.1 The economic crisis in Europe is particularly severe in Greece, Portugal, and Spain, and controversies have arisen around the consequences of the financial crisis on health and suicides rates. Fountoulakis and colleagues2 argued that there is no evidence to support a causal link between the financial crisis and suicide, questioning the reliability of the Greek official data on suicide rates. It is important to note that suicide rates in south European countries are lower than those in other European countries.3 Between 1997 and 2007, Spain's economy was one of the fastest growing in Europe. At present, 25% of Spanish people of working age are unemployed, the highest rate in Europe. According to the Spanish National Institute of Statistics suicide rates in Spain (table) decreased between 2008 and 2011. However, Lopez-Bernal and colleagues noted an increase of suicide in working-age men.4 |
2012 |
Creu Roja, L'impacte de la crisi en les persones grans En línea 2012, visitado: 18.07.2017. Enlaces | BibTeX | Etiquetas: Crisi Econòmica, Persones Grans @online{creu_roja_impacte_2012, title = {L'impacte de la crisi en les persones grans}, author = {{Creu Roja}}, url = {http://www.creuroja.org/AP/cm/2487P242L8/L-impacte-de-la-crisi-en-les-persones—3er-estudi.aspx}, year = {2012}, date = {2012-01-01}, urldate = {2017-07-18}, keywords = {Crisi Econòmica, Persones Grans}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {online} } |
2011 |
Creu Roja, L'impacte de la crisi en la infància i les famílies En línea 2011, visitado: 18.07.2017. Enlaces | BibTeX | Etiquetas: Crisi Econòmica, Infants @online{creu_roja_impacte_2011, title = {L'impacte de la crisi en la infància i les famílies}, author = {{Creu Roja}}, url = {http://www.creuroja.org/AP/cm/1235P242L8/L-impacte-de-la-crisi-en-la-infancia-i-les-families—1r-estudi.aspx}, year = {2011}, date = {2011-01-01}, urldate = {2017-07-18}, keywords = {Crisi Econòmica, Infants}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {online} } |
Creu Roja, L'ocupació dels col·lectius vulnerables en el marc de la crisi socioeconòmica En línea 2011, visitado: 18.07.2017. Enlaces | BibTeX | Etiquetas: Afers Socials, Crisi Econòmica @online{creu_roja_ocupacio_2011, title = {L'ocupació dels col·lectius vulnerables en el marc de la crisi socioeconòmica}, author = {{Creu Roja}}, url = {http://www.creuroja.org/AP/cm/2232P242L8/L-ocupacio-dels-col-lectius-vulnerables-en-el-marc-de-la-crisi-socioeconomica—2n-estudi.aspx}, year = {2011}, date = {2011-01-01}, urldate = {2017-07-18}, keywords = {Afers Socials, Crisi Econòmica}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {online} } |